Palatal Perforation Due to Nasal Myiasis in a Patient With Atrophic Rhinitis: A Case Report.

Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic nasal disease characterized by atrophy of the nasal mucosa and turbinates. Occasionally, nasal myiasis complicates AR. This case illustrates an uncommon complication of nasal myiasis, palatal perforation.

A step-by-step protocol based on data mining to explore purinergic signaling in glioblastoma.

Over the past few years, transcriptomics has emerged as a pillar for modern scientific research, enabling the comprehensive profiling of gene expression. The availability of large-scale public datasets, such as NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, International Cancer Genome Consortium, and The Cancer Genome Atlas, has significantly boosted many scientific discoveries. However, to analyze and interpret these vast datasets, sophisticated bioinformatic tools are often necessary.

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: comprehensive insights into pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) is a cardiac dysfunction linked to chronic liver disease, primarily characterized by impaired cardiac response to stress, despite normal baseline function. It presents with both systolic and diastolic dysfunction, along with electrophysiological changes such as QT interval prolongation. CCM is driven by a combination of systemic inflammation, nitric oxide-induced vasodilation, and neurohormonal dysregulation, leading to myocardial impairment and abnormal vascular responses.

Dorsal metacarpal artery perforator flaps for traumatic soft tissue defect of finger: A prospective anatomical and clinical study.

Purpose: Anatomical studies provide the foundation for surgical advancements, particularly in perforator-based procedures. Despite safety measures, hand injuries continue to occur, making reconstructive surgery essential for improving quality of life. Magnification techniques have transformed plastic surgery, aiding perforator-based surgeries and improving outcomes.

Diagnostic Accuracy and Risk of Malignancy in Salivary Lesions Reclassified Using the Revised Milan System: A Single Institution Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Salivary gland tumors represent 3% of head and neck neoplasms. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely used for preoperative diagnosis, but its accuracy varies due to the diverse morphology of these tumors. The revised 2023 Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) provides updated risk of malignancy (ROM) estimates and guidelines for standardized reporting.

Assessment of the Audiological Profile and Related Risk Factors for Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Children with Speech and Language Delay.

Hearing is crucial for the development of language skills. Many infants and young children with undiagnosed hearing impairments, particularly those with mild to moderate severity and no apparent risk factors, miss out on much of the critical early phase of language and speech development. This cross-sectional, hospital-based observational study was conducted at GSVM Medical College and LLRH Hospital on children aged 6 months to 5 years over a 12-month period.

Invasive Fungal Disease Associated With Targeted Agents for Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To examine the incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in patients receiving targeted agents for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).

Methods: Literature for this systematic review was identified through a PubMed search in April 2024, using AML, IFD and targeted therapy terms. The following filters were applied: published in the last 10 years and published in English.

Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma in an Adolescent: Are Conventional Biopsy Techniques Just Scratching the Surface?

Osteosarcoma, although the most common malignant bone tumor in long bones, represents only 5-8% of head and neck tumors, making it uncommon for clinicians. Conventional biopsy techniques can complicate diagnosis due to varying tissue representation in surrounding areas. This article discusses a case involving a 19-year-old female who presented with facial swelling and a rapidly growing intraoral mass.

Trends in Choroidal Vascularity Index in Cognitively Normal Individuals.

Purpose: To establish a normative database of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in cognitively normal adults.

Methods: Cognitively healthy volunteers who had a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 23 or higher were included. Exclusion criteria included diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, vitreoretinal disorders, intraocular surgery other than cataract or refractive, and visual acuity worse than 20/40.

The Role of the Advanced Practice Provider in a Pericardial Center of Excellence.

Purpose Of Review: Pericarditis can be a chronic and complex disease requiring years of treatment. These patients require close monitoring of labs, medications and their side effects, as well as virtual and inpatient follow up. Due to the complexity of this disease, many of these patients are treated for months and sometimes years.

Effect of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in patients undergoing elective craniotomies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol (ERASP) improves postoperative outcomes. However, its implementation in neurosurgery remains under explored, resulting in the absence of standard evidence-based guidelines. Thus, we compared the outcomes of ERASP and conventional perioperative care (CPC) in patients undergoing elective craniotomy for various intracranial pathologies.

Application of unified health large language model evaluation framework to In-Basket message replies: bridging qualitative and quantitative assessments.

Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare, transforming medical practice through advanced language processing capabilities. However, the evaluation of LLMs predominantly relies on human qualitative assessment, which is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and may be subject to variability and bias. There is a pressing need for quantitative metrics to enable scalable, objective, and efficient evaluation.

The phases of transition from fluoroscopy to ultrasound-guided pain medicine interventions.

Ultrasonography (USG)-guided interventions have transformed pain medicine by enhancing precision, efficacy, and safety through real-time anatomical visualization. Despite these advantages, mastering USG techniques presents a steep learning curve, especially for practitioners transitioning from fluoroscopy-guided methods. Adapting the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change, this commentary outlines a five-phase framework for transitioning to USG-guided pain medicine interventions: overcoming initial reluctance, addressing sonoanatomy challenges, improving probe stabilization, needle visualization, and achieving expertise.

Probing the in-depth analysis of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions in a tertiary care hospital of Central India.

Background: Serious Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) represent a critical challenge in contemporary healthcare, necessitating comprehensive investigation and analysis. Within Central India, where healthcare systems grapple with unique demographic, epidemiological, and infrastructural dynamics, understanding the landscape of serious ADRs is paramount.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate serious ADRs related to age, gender, most implicated class of drugs & single drug, hospital admission, most affected system organ classes, causality and outcome of reactions and fatalities.

Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Management Strategies of Tuberculous Meningitis.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, poses significant global health challenges due to its high mortality rates and complex pathophysiology. This review synthesizes recent findings on TBM, covering epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and management strategies. TBM disproportionately affects immunocompromised populations, including individuals with HIV, with the highest mortality observed in low-resource settings.

Dual Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodule: An Unusual Imaging Finding.

A 48-year-old female, a known case of ulcerative colitis, on routine workup, was incidentally detected to have biochemical hyperthyroidism. Tc pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy performed for the evaluation of hyperthyroidism revealed two foci of increased tracer uptake in the right thyroid lobe with suppressed uptake in the rest of the thyroid gland consistent with dual autonomously functioning thyroid nodules.

Steroid-induced Activated White Adipose Tissue on FDG PET-CT.

White adipose tissue (WAT) generally has negligible glucose utilization and thus, shows no or insignificant Fluorine-18 fluoro D-glucose (FDG) uptake. However, corticosteroids can cause altered biodistribution of FDG with increased uptake in WAT. We hereby describe a case of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis showing diffusely increased FDG uptake in WAT secondary to high-dose corticosteroid therapy.

Serendipitous Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Patient Undergoing Staging for Prostate Cancer.

Isolated liver metastasis from prostate cancer is exceedingly rare. Prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography has become the one-stop shop imaging in prostate cancer, but the uptake is a relatively nonspecific tracer and its expression can be seen in a plethora of nonprostatic solid tumors. We report one such example of an oligometastatic prostate cancer who presented with an isolated liver lesion which turned out to be an incidental hepatocellular carcinoma, thus representing a potentially unique diagnostic challenge.

Immunotherapy in cervical cancer: an innovative approach for better treatment outcomes.

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health challenge, ranking as the fourth most common cancer among women. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary etiological factor, leading to immune evasion mechanisms that promote tumor development and progression. Immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in the management of cervical cancer, aiming to restore and enhance the body's immune response against tumor cells.

Cell type-dependent directional transcription at enhancers.

Enhancers are noncoding regulatory regions in the genome that play essential roles in modulating gene expression. Previous work showed that enhancers are not transcriptionally silent but are characterized by bidirectional expression of short capped noncoding RNAs. Balanced bidirectional expression has therefore been used as a key feature for the detection of enhancers from transcriptome data.

Screening for Colorectal Carcinoma in India: Real-World Scenario, Pitfalls, and Solutions.

Introduction: Noninvasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has introduced innovative blood- and stool-based biomarkers, improving early detection and enabling personalized solutions. Global and Indian adoption of CRC screening remains a public health challenge. This study evaluates the real-world utility of screening colonoscopy, as recommended by global guidelines.

Poisoning and Envenomation Induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Hospital-Based Study.

Background: Most cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the Indian subcontinent are community-acquired. Some causes of AKI like poisonings are unique to the local demographics. This study examined the clinical features, spectrum, and outcomes of AKI in patients with poisoning and evaluated the predictors of mortality.

A hybrid slime mold enhanced convergent particle swarm optimizer for parameter estimation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

High efficiency and eco friendliness, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have become a good solution to cleaner energy solutions. However, due to the electrochemical complexity of PEMFCs and the limitations of existing optimization methods, accurately estimating PEMFC parameters to achieve optimal performance is still challenging. In this work, we propose a hybrid optimization algorithm, SCPSO, combining Particle Swarm Optimization with Mixed Mutant Slime Mold to improve precision, consistency, and computational efficiency in PEMFC parameter optimization.

Bemnifosbuvir and ruzasvir in combination exhibit potent synergistic antiviral activity in vitro while maintaining a favorable nonclinical safety profile in vivo.

Bemnifosbuvir (BEM), the orally available hemisulfate salt of the double prodrug of a guanosine nucleotide analog, is a potent, selective, and pan-genotypic inhibitor of HCV nonstructural protein 5B, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase necessary for viral replication. Similarly, ruzasvir (RZR) is an orally available, highly potent, selective, and pan-genotypic inhibitor of HCV nonstructural protein 5A, an essential component of the viral replication complex. The antiviral effects of the combination of these two complementary direct-acting antivirals were determined in HCV GT1b Huh-7 replicon cells.