Application of the Wavelet Transform on the Unusual Lightning Flashes of the Himalayan Region, Nepal.

The unusual lightning events are characterized by a pronounced opposite-polarity pulse prior to the main electric field waveform. These electric fields are pertinent to the unusual lightning events recorded in the Himalayan region, at the height of about 1300 m above the sea level, during the premonsoon period of 2015. For the case of unusual events, a downward positive leader approaches the ground, and there is an increase in the downward-directed electric field due to which negative leaders move upwards and will try to intercept.

Comparing the Wave Characteristics of Breakdown Pulses of the Lightning Waveforms in the Himalayan Region.

We have analyzed the breakdown pulse train with or without the main event in this paper. Among the selected 81 flashes, 36 flashes are starting positively, and 45 are starting negatively. Also, 58 flashes contain positive pulses, and 67 flashes contain negative pulses, whereas 44 flashes contain both positive and negative pulses.

Factors predicting home medication management practices among chronically ill older population of selected districts of Nepal.

Background: Older population often have multiple and complex needs that are consequently challenged by the presence of polypharmacy, adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interaction. We aimed to determine home medication management practices (MMP) and its associated factors among chronically ill older population of selected districts of Nepal.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 386 chronically ill older individuals from selected areas of Nepal between April to September 2016.