Semaglutide treatment of hypothalamic obesity - a real-life data study.

Purpose: Patients with tumors involving the hypothalamic region are at high risk of developing morbid obesity due to disturbances in the appetite regulative nuclei in hypothalamus. We evaluated the effect of the Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue semaglutide in patients with hypothalamic obesity.

Methods: We recorded weight changes from real-time data before and after treatment with semaglutide in patients with hypothalamic obesity from our outpatient clinic at the Department of Endocrinology at Rigshospitalet, from September 2020 to November 2023.

Desmopressin Dose Requirements in Adults with Congenital and Acquired Central Diabetes Insipidus.

Central diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder characterized by a deficiency of vasopressin. The first line drug to treat this disorder is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, desmopressin.The primary aim of this retrospective register study was to compare desmopressin dose requirements in patients with acquired and congenital DI, and secondly to assess the influence of BMI on dose requirement and risk of hyponatremia with different drug administrations.

Ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) did not improve responsiveness of patient-reported outcomes on quality of life.

Objectives: Clinical practice guidelines recommend questionnaires with short recall. We compare responsiveness of ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and retrospective assessments of thyroid-related quality of life.

Study Design And Setting: Patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis completed retrospective Thyroid-related Patient-Reported Outcome measures (ThyPROs) with 4-week and 1-week recall, respectively, and three daily EMAs for 4 weeks at time of inclusion and again after treatment (N = 115).

Shorter Recall Period for the Thyroid-Related Patient-Reported Outcome Measure ThyPRO Did Not Change the Accuracy as Evaluated by Repeated Momentary Measurements.

The thyroid-related patient-reported outcome measure ThyPRO has become the gold standard for measuring thyroid-related quality of life and uses a 4-week recall period. The impact of the length of recall is unresolved. To minimize recall bias, the US Food and Drug Administration has argued in favor of short recall periods or measures describing current states.

Why glucocorticoid withdrawal may sometimes be as dangerous as the treatment itself.

Glucocorticoid therapy is widely used, but withdrawal from glucocorticoids comes with a potential life-threatening risk of adrenal insufficiency. Recent case reports document that adrenal crisis after glucocorticoid withdrawal remains a serious problem in clinical practice. Partly due to difficulties in inter-study comparison the true prevalence of glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency is unknown, but it might be somewhere between 46 and 100% 24h after glucocorticoid withdrawal, 26-49% after approximately one week, and some patients show prolonged suppression lasting months to years.

Response to GH treatment in adult GH deficiency is predicted by gender, age, and IGF1 SDS but not by stimulated GH-peak.

Objective: We studied whether the severity of GH deficiency (GHD) defined as i) GH-peak on stimulation tests (insulin tolerance test (ITT), arginine, and glucagon), ii) number of additional pituitary deficits, or iii) baseline IGF1 SDS could impact the response to GH treatment. We further explored whether iv) IGF1 SDS after 24 months of GH replacement or v) ΔIGF1 SDS from baseline to 24 months was related to the phenotypic response to GH treatment. DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND MEASUREMENTS: The patient cohort (n=1752; 50% women) was obtained from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database).

Do Thyroid Disrupting Chemicals Influence Foetal Development during Pregnancy?

Maternal euthyroidism during pregnancy is crucial for normal development and, in particular, neurodevelopment of the foetus. Up to 3.5 percent of pregnant women suffer from hypothyroidism.

Iodine and tri-iodo-thyronine reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the autoimmune prone BB rats.

Thyroid hormones modulate the immune system and metabolism, influence insulin secretion, and cause decreased glucose tolerance. Thyroid hormones have been described to change the incidence of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in Bio-Breeding/Worcester (BB) rats but it is unknown how these hormones affect the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The aim was to investigate the influence of changes in thyroid function during postnatal development on the prevalence of T1DM in BB rats and the influence of T3 on the beta cell mass in non-diabetic Wistar rats.

Factors influencing the adrenocorticotropin test: role of contemporary cortisol assays, body composition, and oral contraceptive agents.

Context: The normal cortisol response to an ACTH test remains inconsistently defined, possibly caused by various subject- and test- condition-related factors.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the impact of newer automated immunoassays; gender, age, body composition, and endogenous sex-hormone levels; corticosteroid-binding globulin levels; and test conditions (fasting/nonfasting, rest/intermittent exercise).

Methods: A 250-microg ACTH test (0800-1000 h) was performed in 100 unmedicated subjects, 13 women taking oral contraception (OC), and six men with nephrotic syndrome.