Sulcus Tube Internal Needle Guidewire Technique for Glaucoma Drainage Device Placement: Improving Surgical Ease and Precision.

Introduction: Despite the rise of micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS), glaucoma drainage device implantation continues to be a mainstay among glaucoma surgical treatment options. Anterior chamber tube placement, while effective in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), poses corneal endothelial risks. Ciliary sulcus tube placement shows promise in reduced corneal endothelial cell loss, but proper sulcus placement can be challenging.

Viral infections and pathogenesis of glaucoma: a comprehensive review.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, caused by the gradual degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. While glaucoma is primarily considered a genetic and age-related disease, some inflammatory conditions, such as uveitis and viral-induced anterior segment inflammation, cause secondary or uveitic glaucoma. Viruses are predominant ocular pathogens and can impose both acute and chronic pathological insults to the human eye.

Novel Therapies for the Prevention of Fibrosis in Glaucoma Filtration Surgery.

Conjunctival fibrosis remains the major impediment to the success of glaucoma filtration surgery. Anti-metabolites remain the gold standard for mitigating post-surgical fibrosis, but they are associated with high complication rates and surgical failure rates. Establishing a more targeted approach to attenuate conjunctival fibrosis may revolutionize the surgical approach to glaucoma.

Spherical Aberration of Cataractous Eyes and Its Relationship With Age, Ocular Biometry, and Various IOL Platforms.

Purpose: To determine the median spherical aberration (SA) of the cataractous population, how it relates to biometry, and the theoretical effect of different intraocular lens (IOL) platforms.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing cataract surgery evaluation with a high quality Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) were included. Age, gender, Q-value, mean total SA, higher order aberration root mean square wavefront error, and equivalent keratometry were collected from the Holladay report and axial length and anterior chamber depth (ACD) from the IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG).

Evaluation of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated TGIF gene editing to inhibit corneal fibrosis in vitro.

Corneal wound healing is influenced by many factors including transcriptional co-repressors and co-activators. Interactions of co-activators and co-repressors with Smads influence mechanistic loop facilitating transcription of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a key profibrotic gene, in corneal repair. The role of a transcriptional repressor, 5'TG3'-interacting factor (TGIF), in the regulation of α-SMA and myofibroblast formation in the cornea was shown previously by our group.

A Smartphone-Based Near-Vision Testing System: Design, Accuracy, and Reproducibility Compared With Standard Clinical Measures.

Background And Objective: Ophthalmologic telemedicine has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of a smartphone-based home vision monitoring system (Sightbook) and to compare it with existing clinical standards.

Patients And Methods: Near Snellen visual acuity (VA) was measured with Sightbook and compared with conventional measurements for distance and near VA at an academic medical center ophthalmology clinic in 200 patients with a variety of different specified preexisting ocular conditions.

Attaining Intraocular Pressure of ≤10 mm Hg: Comparison of Tube and Trabeculectomy Surgery in Pseudophakic Primary Glaucoma Eyes.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether trabeculectomy with antimetabolites or glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery is more likely to achieve an intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤10 mm Hg.

Design: Retrospective, nonrandomized, cohort study of pseudophakic, primary glaucoma patients.

Methods: 53 pseudophakic patients underwent trabeculectomy and 65 received GDD at the University of Florida by one surgeon between 1993 and 2015.

Retrospective Comparison of Intermediate-term Efficacy of 350 mm Glaucoma Drainage Implants and Medium-sized 230-250 mm Implants.

Aim: To compare the intermediate-term efficacy of a large surface area Baerveldt 350 mm glaucoma drainage device (GDD) with medium surface area implants (Baerveldt 250 mm and Molteno 3, 230, or 245 mm).

Design: This is a retrospective, nonrandomized comparative trial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 94 eyes of 94 patients of mixed glaucoma diagnoses without any prior glaucoma surgical procedures and who had undergone a glaucoma drainage implant surgery with either a large Baerveldt 350 mm GDD or a medium-sized GDD (Baerveldt 250 mm or Molteno 230 or 245 mm) were reviewed for intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, and visual acuity (VA) preoperatively, and at 1, 2, and 3 years postprocedure.

Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness floor and corresponding functional loss in glaucoma.

Aim: To estimate the floor of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measurements and the corresponding retinal sensitivity loss in glaucoma.

Methods: Visual field (VF), Spectralis RNFL (83 patients and 37 healthy subjects) and RTVue RNFL data obtained separately (56 patients and 36 healthy subjects) were reviewed. Global and quadrant residual layer thicknesses and corresponding VF losses were estimated using two Bayesian change point models.

"Boot camp" simulator training in open hilar dissection in early cardiothoracic surgical residency.

Background: We evaluated focused training in lung hilar dissection with a reanimated porcine lung model in the boot camp setting.

Methods: A total of 64 first-year cardiothoracic surgical residents participated in four consecutive hours devoted to training in open hilar dissection as part of the Thoracic Surgical Directors Association boot camps. Each resident participated in two open hilar dissections.

A novel lung disease phenotype adjusted for mortality attrition for cystic fibrosis genetic modifier studies.

Genetic studies of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) are hampered by the lack of a severity measure that accounts for chronic disease progression and mortality attrition. Further, combining analyses across studies requires common phenotypes that are robust to study design and patient ascertainment. Using data from the North American Cystic Fibrosis Modifier Consortium (Canadian Consortium for CF Genetic Studies, Johns Hopkins University CF Twin and Sibling Study, and University of North Carolina/Case Western Reserve University Gene Modifier Study), the authors calculated age-specific CF percentile values of FEV1 which were adjusted for CF age-specific mortality data.