Applications of artificial intelligence for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: mapping the evidence.

Purpose: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity with varying progression, complicating treatment decisions. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly prominent in orthopedic care, aiding in diagnosis, risk-stratification, and treatment guidance. This scoping review outlines AI applications in AIS.

Bursal Acromial Resurfacing Improves Shoulder Biomechanics in a Cadaveric Model of Massive Rotator Cuff Tear.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of bursal acromial resurfacing (acromiograft) on acromiohumeral distance, subacromial contact area, and pressure in a cadaveric model of massive rotator cuff tear.

Methods: Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were tested using a customized shoulder testing system. Humeral head translation, subacromial contact pressure, and the subacromial contact area were evaluated across 4 conditions: (1) intact shoulder; (2) simulated massive rotator cuff tear, (3) 3-mm acromiograft condition, and (4) 6-mm acromiograft condition.

Biomechanical Comparison Between Superior Capsular Reconstruction and Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer in Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears.

Background: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) and lower trapezius tendon transfer (LTT) have recently been used to manage irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears (PSRCTs). There has been a paucity of comparative biomechanical considerations between the 2 procedures.

Purpose: To compare the glenohumeral stability and biomechanical properties between SCR and LTT in PSRCTs involving the entire infraspinatus tendon region.

Varus-valgus alignment of humeral short stem in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: does it really matter?

Background: The utilization of short humeral stems in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has gained attention in recent times. However, concerns regarding the risk of misalignment during implant insertion are associated with their use.

Methods: Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were prepared for dissection and biomechanical testing.

Middle trapezius tendon transfer using Achilles allograft for irreparable isolated supraspinatus tendon tears effectively restores the superior stability of the humeral head without restricting range of motion: a biomechanical study.

Background: Middle trapezius tendon (MTT) transfer has been suggested for promising treatment of irreparable isolated supraspinatus tendon tears (IISTTs). However, there have been no attempts to assess the biomechanical efficacy of MTT transfer. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical efficacy of MTT transfer in the setting of IISTTs.

Artificial Intelligence in Modern Orthopaedics: Current and Future Applications.

➢: With increasing computing power, artificial intelligence (AI) has gained traction in all aspects of health care delivery. Orthopaedics is no exception because the influence of AI technology has become intricately linked with its advancement as evidenced by increasing interest and research.

➢: This review is written for the orthopaedic surgeon to develop a better understanding of the main clinical applications and potential benefits of AI within their day-to-day practice.