Urban and Rural Differences in the Efficacy of a Mobile Health Depression Treatment for Young Adults.

Depression among young adults represents a growing health problem in the U.S., but access to effective treatment remains a challenge.

Opioid Use Disorder among Hospitalized Adults in North Carolina: Analysis from the 2000-2020 NC State Inpatient Database.

Objectives: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is characterized as a chronic condition that was first outlined in the , and now the . It encompasses frequent opioid usage, cravings, the development of tolerance, withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation, unsuccessful attempts to quit or reduce use, and recurrent use even when faced with negative consequences. Both national- and state-level data show that overdose deaths associated with prescription opioids are increasing at an alarming rate.

Over the Hills and Through the Hollers: How One Program is Assisting Residents of Appalachian with Opioid Use Recovery.

Introduction: The consequences of increasing opioid misuse in the U.S. over the last two decades have been severe, contributing to hundreds of thousands of lives lost and heavy tolls on individuals, families, and society.

Non-prescribing clinicians' treatment orientations and attitudes toward treatments for opioid use disorder: Rural differences.

Introduction: The United States has experienced substantial increases in opioid use for more than two decades. This growth has impacted rural areas where overdoses have risen drastically during this time period and more often involve prescription opioids than in urban areas. Medications for opioid use disorders (MOUDs) are highly underutilized in rural settings due to lack of access, inadequate prescribing, and stigma.

Medications for opioid use disorder during incarceration and post-release outcomes.

Background: Continuation or initiation of MOUDs during incarceration could improve post-release outcomes by preventing return to opioid use and reducing risk of overdose. People with OUD involved in the criminal legal system are a vulnerable population, yet little research has comprehensively examined post-release outcomes associated with receiving MOUDs in jail and prison settings.

Methods: The authors conducted a review of published peer-reviewed literature on post-release outcomes associated with the use of MOUDs in correctional settings to determine implications for further research and policy.

Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on a Rural Opioid Support Services Program.

During 2020, Kentucky saw the third highest increase in overdose deaths in the U.S. Employment issues, inadequate housing, transportation problems, and childcare needs present barriers to accessing treatment in rural areas.

Predicting Self-Medication with Cannabis in Young Adults with Hazardous Cannabis Use.

Using cannabis to reduce psychological and physical distress, referred to as self-medication, is a significant risk factor for cannabis use disorder. To better understand this high-risk behavior, a sample of 290 young adults (ages 18-25; 45.6% female) were recruited from two U.

Health professionals' attitudes toward medications for opioid use disorder.

Research has shown that medications, especially opioid agonist treatments, are an effective way to treat opioid use disorder (OUD); however, negative attitudes held by health professionals contribute to their underutilization. : A 23-year review of studies that examined health professionals' attitudes toward medications for OUD (MOUD) was conducted to describe the current state of knowledge and to inform future research and interventions. : Studies examined attitudes toward the use of methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone among various types of health professionals: prescribers, non-prescribing clinicians, pharmacists, and administrators.

Pathways to Retention: Job Satisfaction, Burnout, & Organizational Commitment among Social Workers.

: Job satisfaction, burnout, and organizational commitment remain concerns for human service organizations. Few studies have utilized a large sample of social workers to investigate these factors while also considering practice setting. In the present study, work-related burnout, satisfaction with workload, and satisfaction with organizational environment are examined as factors contributing to organizational commitment while comparing the measurement and predictive strength of these factors based on practice setting.

Remote biochemical verification of tobacco use: Reducing costs and improving methodological rigor with mailed oral cotinine swabs.

Introduction: Multi-site tobacco cessation trials could benefit from remote biochemical verification for tobacco use without invasive, time-consuming, or expensive collection processes. To the authors' knowledge, there have been no previous studies examining the predictive validity of oral fluid swabs for the detection of cotinine levels with samples collected off-site and mailed for on-site interpretation.

Methods: Tobacco users were recruited through an online survey and participants who met the initial eligibility criteria were invited to take part.