Triad of Terror: Rapidly Progressive Austrian Syndrome in a 62-Year-Old Female.

We report a case of a 62-year-old female presenting with shortness of breath, who was subsequently diagnosed with Austrian syndrome. The patient had a complicated clinical course, including invasive central nervous system pneumococcal disease, pneumococcal bacteremia, and mitral valve vegetation with possible leaflet perforation. Despite aggressive treatment, her condition continued to worsen.

Developmentally primed cortical neurons maintain fidelity of differentiation and establish appropriate functional connectivity after transplantation.

Repair of complex CNS circuitry requires newly incorporated neurons to become appropriately, functionally integrated. One approach is to direct differentiation of endogenous progenitors in situ, or ex vivo followed by transplantation. Prior studies find that newly incorporated neurons can establish long-distance axon projections, form synapses and functionally integrate in evolutionarily old hypothalamic energy-balance circuitry.