Risk Factors for Pediatric Intracranial Neoplasms in the Kids' Inpatient Database.

Introduction: In children and adolescents, brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the leading types of cancers. Past studies have found differing rates of intracranial cancers among races and identified additional cancer risk factors. This study aimed to see if these differences can be substantiated with further investigation of the latest version (2019) of the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID).

Third ventricular choroid plexus papilloma: a pure neuroendoscopic approach.

Pure endoscopic technique in resection of intraventricular tumors is an emerging technology. This case demonstrates resection of a multicentric choroid plexus papilloma in a 2-month-old child. This child had two district tumors: one located in the left atrium and another in the third ventricle.

Solitary Metastasis of Colon Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Colloid Cyst of the Third Ventricle.

Metastatic lesions to the choroid plexus, although far less common than colloid cysts, can present very similarly both symptomatically and radiographically. Choroid plexus metastases are most common in the lateral ventricles, however, when they occur in the third and fourth ventricles they may cause obstructive hydrocephalus typical of a colloid cyst lesion. Renal cell carcinoma is the most common primary cancer, but many rare primaries have been reported.

Ultra-early synostectomy and cranial remodeling orthoses in the management of craniosynostoses.

Objective: The advent of endoscopic synostectomy has enabled early surgery for infants with craniosynostosis. Even though diagnosis is often made at birth, endoscopic synostectomy has traditionally been delayed until the infant is 3 months of age. There have been very few published reports of this procedure being performed in the early neonatal period.

Reversible Progressive Multiple Cranial Nerve Paresis in the Isolated Fourth Ventricle following Placement of Fourth Ventricle Shunt: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background/aims: Multiple lower cranial nerve paresis occurring after placement of a fourth ventricle shunt for an isolated fourth ventricle is an uncommon complication in the postoperative period. Of the various etiologies, direct brain stem injury by the catheter and rapid decompression of the fourth ventricle by the shunt causing traction on the cranial nerves have been reported in the literature.

Methods: We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with an isolated fourth ventricle who developed bilateral facial and multiple lower cranial nerve paresis with bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia a month after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Bilateral Transverse Sinus Thrombosis following Craniotomy and Cranial Reconstruction for Sagittal Craniosynostosis.

Introduction: Craniotomy and cranial reconstruction is the most common procedure for children older than 6 months with craniosynostosis. Dural sinus thrombosis after this surgery has not been well reported in the literature.

Case Presentation: This 2-year-old child underwent a bilateral craniotomy and cranial reconstruction for sagittal craniosynostosis.

Isolated Fourth Ventricle: To Shunt or Stent.

Background: Of the various management options for isolated fourth ventricle (IFV), fourth ventriculoperitoneal shunts (FVPS) and aqueductal stents (AST) have been the most favored. Though effective, FVPS are often difficult to place and have higher complication rates than conventional ventricular shunts.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of AST in IFV and compare the outcome with FVPS.

Spontaneous Thrombosis and Subsequent Recanalization of a Developmental Venous Anomaly.

Developmental venous anomalies (DVA) are among the most common congenital malformations of the cerebral angioarchitecture. Spontaneous thrombosis of this entity is rare, and our review of the literature found only 31 reported cases of symptomatic spontaneous thrombosis of developmental venous anomalies. Here, we report a unique case describing the spontaneous thrombosis of a DVA leading to venous infarction and subsequent recanalization.

Delineation of candidate genes responsible for structural brain abnormalities in patients with terminal deletions of chromosome 6q27.

Patients with terminal deletions of chromosome 6q present with structural brain abnormalities including agenesis of corpus callosum, hydrocephalus, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and cerebellar malformations. The 6q27 region harbors genes that are important for the normal development of brain and delineation of a critical deletion region for structural brain abnormalities may lead to a better genotype-phenotype correlation. We conducted a detailed clinical and molecular characterization of seven unrelated patients with deletions involving chromosome 6q27.

Safety and diagnostic accuracy of neuroendoscopic biopsies: an international multicenter study.

Object: Analysis of the safety and morbidity of neuroendoscopic biopsies (NEBs), as well as the reliability in obtaining an accurate diagnosis, has until now been based on studies with relatively small sample sizes. Through the cooperative efforts of several international medical centers, authors of the present study collected data on a large number of patients to obtain better insight into this issue. When possible, they compared pathology obtained through an NEB with the "gold-standard" pathology obtained in open surgery.

Initial experience with endoscopic side cutting aspiration system in pure neuroendoscopic excision of large intraventricular tumors.

Objective: Conventionally, neuroendoscopic excision of intraventricular tumors has been difficult and time consuming because of lack of an effective decompression system that can be used through the working channel of the endoscope.

Methods: The authors report their initial experience in purely endoscopic excision of large intraventricular tumors with the minimally invasive NICO Myriad system. The NICO Myriad is a side cutting soft tissue aspiration system that uses an inner reciprocating cannula and an outer stationary sheath with a side port.