Genomic analysis of response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment in high-grade stage 1 bladder cancer patients.

Background: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy is standard treatment for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) but overall efficacy is low, and no reliable predictive biomarkers currently exist to refine patient selection. We performed genomic analysis on high-grade (HG) T1 NMIBCs to determine if response to therapy is predicted by certain mutational and/or expressional changes.

Methods: Patients with HG T1 NMIBC treated with induction BCG were stratified by response into durable and non-durable responders.

Renal cell carcinoma and an incidental adrenal lesion: adrenal collision tumors.

Incidental adrenal lesions are common in patients with primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Modern cross-sectional imaging, especially phase-shift, magnetic resonance imaging, is an important adjunct in evaluating adrenal lesions. We present the case of an incidental left adrenal nodule consistent with an adenoma in a patient with a history of pT2 RCC status post right nephrectomy.