Proposal of a Subclassification of pN3 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis.

Objective: To evaluate the differential prognosis of PLNM as compared to ENE and postulate a sub-classification of the pN3 stage of carcinoma penis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data of all the patients of penile squamous cell carcinoma operated at our institute between Jan 2016 and May 2023 was conducted. LASSO Cox regression was used to select variables affecting OS.

Distinct mobility patterns of BRCA2 molecules at DNA damage sites.

BRCA2 is an essential tumor suppressor protein involved in promoting faithful repair of DNA lesions. The activity of BRCA2 needs to be tuned precisely to be active when and where it is needed. Here, we quantified the spatio-temporal dynamics of BRCA2 in living cells using aberration-corrected multifocal microscopy (acMFM).

Coumarin as a general switching auxiliary to prepare photochromic and spontaneously blinking fluorophores.

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) uses activatable or switchable fluorophores to create non-diffraction limited maps of molecular location in biological samples. Despite the utility of this imaging technique, the portfolio of appropriate labels for SMLM remains limited. Here, we describe a general strategy for the construction of "glitter bomb" labels by simply combining rhodamine and coumarin dyes though an amide bond.

Focal adhesions contain three specialized actin nanoscale layers.

Focal adhesions (FAs) connect inner workings of cell to the extracellular matrix to control cell adhesion, migration and mechanosensing. Previous studies demonstrated that FAs contain three vertical layers, which connect extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. By using super-resolution iPALM microscopy, we identify two additional nanoscale layers within FAs, specified by actin filaments bound to tropomyosin isoforms Tpm1.

Learning Assistants in Flipped-Classrooms: A New Pedagogical Strategy for Pre-Clinical Medical Education.

Unlabelled: Problem-based learning has been widely incorporated into pre-clinical medical education to increase the applicability of pre-clinical knowledge. However, studies have demonstrated increased learning burden and decreased confidence in learning when adapting to this didactic medium. To the authors' knowledge, limited interventions target these shortcomings in real time.

Four-dimensional quantitative analysis of cell plate development in Arabidopsis using lattice light sheet microscopy identifies robust transition points between growth phases.

Cell plate formation during cytokinesis entails multiple stages occurring concurrently and requiring orchestrated vesicle delivery, membrane remodelling, and timely deposition of polysaccharides, such as callose. Understanding such a dynamic process requires dissection in time and space; this has been a major hurdle in studying cytokinesis. Using lattice light sheet microscopy (LLSM), we studied cell plate development in four dimensions, through the behavior of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged cytokinesis-specific GTPase RABA2a vesicles.

More than just 'added value': The perils of not establishing shared core facilities in resource-constrained communities.

The accelerating pace of technological advancements necessitates specialised expertise and cutting-edge instruments to maintain competitive research in life sciences. Core facilities - collaborative laboratories equipped with state-of-the-art tools and staffed by expert personnel - are vital resources that support diverse scientific endeavours. However, their adoption in lower-income communities has been comparatively stagnant due to both financial and cultural challenges.

Believing is seeing - the deceptive influence of bias in quantitative microscopy.

The visual allure of microscopy makes it an intuitively powerful research tool. Intuition, however, can easily obscure or distort the reality of the information contained in an image. Common cognitive biases, combined with institutional pressures that reward positive research results, can quickly skew a microscopy project towards upholding, rather than rigorously challenging, a hypothesis.

Mucosal Malignant Melanoma of Head and Neck: A Case Series from a Single Institute and Review of Literature Abstract.

Unlabelled: Malignant melanoma is an aggressive malignancy of melanocytes which is usually found on sun exposed areas of the body. A rare variant of this disease with no etiological association is the mucosal malignant melanoma found on all mucosal surfaces of the body including the oral cavity, respiratory mucosa and anorectal region. In the head and neck region, this disease is almost always diagnosed at an advanced stage and requires a very high index of suspicion for diagnosis.

'AJ's Orbicularis Oris Stitch: A Novel and Simple Technique of Reconstructing Central Arch Mandibular Defects in Resource-Constrained Set Up'.

Lip and oral cavity SCC account for 2nd highest incidence of cancers and 3rd most common cause of mortality from cancer in India. Reconstruction of defects of central arch invading cancers results in poor cosmetic and functional outcomes if free flaps are not used. 30 patients with Oral SCC in the age group 20-75 years requiring central arch segmental mandibulectomy were included.

Large Brown Tumour of Mandible with Bleeding as Initial Presentation: A Case Report.

Brown Tumour or Osteitis fibrous cystic or Von-Recklinghausen disease of bone is a non-malignant condition due to abnormal metabolism of bones in hyperparathyroidism. Although pathognomonic of hyperparathyroidism, brown tumours are rare and only case reports are found in literature. We report a case of brown tumour of mandible with recurrent episodes of bleeding.

Imagining the future of optical microscopy: everything, everywhere, all at once.

The optical microscope has revolutionized biology since at least the 17 Century. Since then, it has progressed from a largely observational tool to a powerful bioanalytical platform. However, realizing its full potential to study live specimens is hindered by a daunting array of technical challenges.

Direct observation of the conformational states of PIEZO1.

PIEZOs are mechanosensitive ion channels that convert force into chemoelectric signals and have essential roles in diverse physiological settings. In vitro studies have proposed that PIEZO channels transduce mechanical force through the deformation of extensive blades of transmembrane domains emanating from a central ion-conducting pore. However, little is known about how these channels interact with their native environment and which molecular movements underlie activation.

Investigating the composition and recruitment of the mycobacterial ImuA'-ImuB-DnaE2 mutasome.

A DNA damage-inducible mutagenic gene cassette has been implicated in the emergence of drug resistance in during anti-tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy. However, the molecular composition and operation of the encoded 'mycobacterial mutasome' - minimally comprising DnaE2 polymerase and ImuA' and ImuB accessory proteins - remain elusive. Following exposure of mycobacteria to DNA damaging agents, we observe that DnaE2 and ImuB co-localize with the DNA polymerase III β subunit (β clamp) in distinct intracellular foci.

When you need to dive in the deep end-Transplanting SARS-CoV-2 PCR+ recipients.

There is an ongoing need to understand whether transplantation during acute Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be performed safely, especially when urgent transplant is required. We collected retrospective data of all consecutive non-lung transplant recipients who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the day of planned deceased donor organ implantation. Data were collected from two large transplant centers from 01/01/2022 to 02/01/2023.

Architecture and dynamics of a desmosome-endoplasmic reticulum complex.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a dynamic network that contacts other cellular membranes to regulate stress responses, calcium signalling and lipid transfer. Here, using high-resolution volume electron microscopy, we find that the ER forms a previously unknown association with keratin intermediate filaments and desmosomal cell-cell junctions. Peripheral ER assembles into mirror image-like arrangements at desmosomes and exhibits nanometre proximity to keratin filaments and the desmosome cytoplasmic plaque.

Autophagy receptor NDP52 alters DNA conformation to modulate RNA polymerase II transcription.

NDP52 is an autophagy receptor involved in the recognition and degradation of invading pathogens and damaged organelles. Although NDP52 was first identified in the nucleus and is expressed throughout the cell, to date, there is no clear nuclear functions for NDP52. Here, we use a multidisciplinary approach to characterise the biochemical properties and nuclear roles of NDP52.

The impact of pre-existing hematologic disorders on morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation: Focus on early graft dysfunction.

Background: Heart transplantation (HT) is the gold standard therapy for advanced heart failure, providing excellent long-term outcomes. However, postoperative outcomes are limited by bleeding, infections, and primary graft dysfunction (PGD) that contribute to early mortality after HT. HT candidates with pre-existing hematologic disorders, bleeding, and clotting, may represent a higher risk population.

Community crime, poverty, and proportion of Black residents influence police descriptions of adolescents.

Objective: Our study examined officers' attitudes and perceptions of adolescents in general (and challenges in policing adolescents) and the degree to which community variables affect those perceptions.

Hypotheses: Our examinations of officers' descriptions of adolescents and challenges in policing adolescents were exploratory. We hypothesized that community characteristics would significantly influence officers' perceptions of adolescents, such that working in more impoverished, higher crime, and more proportionally Black communities would be associated with more negative perceptions of adolescents.

The challenges and opportunities of open-access microscopy facilities.

Microscopy core facilities are increasingly utilised research resources, but they are generally only available to users within the host institution. Such localised access misses an opportunity to facilitate research across a broader user base. Here, we present the model of an open-access microscopy facility, using the Advanced Imaging Center (AIC) at Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus as an example.