Exploring symptom clusters in mild cognitive impairment and dementia with the NIH Toolbox.

Objective: Symptom clustering research provides a unique opportunity for understanding complex medical conditions. The objective of this study was to apply a variable-centered analytic approach to understand how symptoms may cluster together, within and across domains of functioning in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, to better understand these conditions and potential etiological, prevention, and intervention considerations.

Method: Cognitive, motor, sensory, emotional, and social measures from the NIH Toolbox were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) from a dataset of 165 individuals with a research diagnosis of either amnestic MCI or dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

Cross-replicating findings on unique motor impairments of children with ASD using confirmatory factor analysis and a novel SPARK study sample.

A series of recent reports have shed light on the pervasive nature of motor impairments in children with ASD (Bhat, 2020, 2021, Bhat et al., 2022), underscoring the importance of providing ASD clinicians efficient and accurate tools for motor screening. The Developmental Coordination Disorder-Questionnaire (DCD-Q) is a widely used motor screening tool, yet scant evidence exists regarding its psychometric properties in children with ASD.

A further study of relations between motor impairment and social communication, cognitive, language, functional impairments, and repetitive behavior severity in children with ASD using the SPARK study dataset.

Motor impairments are pervasive and persistent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout childhood and adolescence. Based on recent studies examining motor impairments in children with ASD between 5 and 15 years (i.e.

Measurement invariance of physical, mental, and social health PROMIS measures across individuals with spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: The present study tested the fit and comparability of the tripartite model of health (Physical Health, Mental Health, and Social Health) proposed by the NIH PROMIS for adults with SCI and TBI.

Methods: Participants were 630 adults with spinal cord injury (SCI; n = 336) and traumatic brain injury (TBI; n = 294) who completed 8 PROMIS short forms. The Physical Health domain is composed of the Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Fatigue scales.

Creating Crosswalks for Knee Outcomes After ACL Reconstruction Between the KOOS and the IKDC-SKF.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) registries do not all use the same patient-reported outcome measures, limiting comparisons and preventing pooling of data for meta-analysis. Our objective was to create a statistical crosswalk to convert cohort and registry mean Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) to International Knee Documentation Committee-Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) scores and vice versa to allow these comparisons.

Methods: Data from 3 ACL registries were pooled (n = 14,412) and were separated into a training data set (70% of the sample) or a validation data set (30% of the sample).

Spinal Cord Injury-Functional Index/Capacity: Responsiveness to Change Over Time.

Objective: To establish responsiveness of 3 Spinal Cord Injury-Functional Index/Capacity (SCI-FI/C) item banks in the first year after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Longitudinal patient-reported outcomes assessment replicated through secondary analysis of an independent data set.

Setting: A total of 8 SCI Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals in the United States.

Physical Function Recovery Trajectories After Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: To explore trajectories of functional recovery that occur during the first 2 years after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: Eight SCI Model System sites.

Clinical Use of PROMIS, Neuro-QoL, TBI-QoL, and Other Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Individual Adult Clients with Cognitive and Language Disorders.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess health outcomes from the patient's perspective. The National Institutes of Health has invested in the creation of numerous PROMs that comprise the PROMIS, Neuro-QoL, and TBI-QoL measurement systems. Some of these PROMs are potentially useful as primary or secondary outcome measures, or as contextual variables for the treatment of adults with cognitive/language disorders.

Linking the Spinal Cord Injury-Functional Index (SCI-FI) to the PROMIS Physical Functioning Item Bank.

Objective: To link 3 Spinal Cord Injury-Functional Index (SCI-FI) item banks (Basic Mobility, Fine Motor Function, Self-Care) to the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function (PF) metric.

Design: Observational study SETTING: Six SCI Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals in the United States.

Participants: Adults with SCI (n=855) and healthy individuals (n=730) (N=1585).

The Psychometric Properties of the Prioritizing Positivity Scale.

The tendency to use pleasant states as a key criterion for how to structure daily life is called and has been measured with a 6-item scale. The Prioritizing Positivity Scale (PPS) is increasingly being used by researchers, but a comprehensive examination of its psychometric quality remains absent from the literature. Using three independent samples of adults (study 1:  = 176, study 2:  = 240, study 3:  = 226), we tested the scale's (1) factor structure, (2) reliability, (3) convergent and discriminant validity, and (4) measurement invariance.

Development of Composite Scores for the TBI-QOL.

Objective: To develop a set of composite scores that can be used for interpreting quality of life (QOL) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) using 9 of the patient-reported outcomes measures from the Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system.

Design: Participants completed 20 item banks from the TBI-QOL as part of a larger assessment. Composite index scores were created with normalized transformation with nonlinear area conversion using scores from 9 of the banks, and are expressed in index score units, with higher composite scores indicating better functioning.

Measuring Pain in TBI: Development of the TBI-QOL Pain Interference Item Bank and Short Form.

Objective: To develop a pain interference item bank, computer adaptive test (CAT), and short form for use by individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Setting: Five TBI Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals.

Linking the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 to the TBI-QOL Anxiety and Depression Item Banks.

Objective: To link scores on commonly used measures of anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; GAD-7) and depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-9) to the Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system.

Setting: 5 Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems.

Participants: A total of 385 individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) (31% complicated mild; 14% moderate; and 54% severe).

Measuring Self-Reported Physical Function in Individuals With TBI: Development of the TBI-QOL Mobility and Upper Extremity Item Banks and Short Forms.

Objectives: To describe the development and field testing of the patient-reported outcome measures of Mobility and Upper Extremity function from the Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system, and to evaluate the use of computer adaptive testing.

Setting: Five rehabilitation facilities funded as part of the TBI Model Systems network.

Participants: Individuals with complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury (n = 590).

Development and Psychometric Characteristics of the TBI-QOL Communication Item Bank.

Objective: To develop an item response theory (IRT)-based patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Five medical centers that were TBI Model Systems sites.

Participants: A total of 569 adults with TBI (28% complicated-mild; 13% moderate; and 58% severe).

Measuring Self-Reported Cognitive Function Following TBI: Development of the TBI-QOL Executive Function and Cognition-General Concerns Item Banks.

Objective: To develop and calibrate new patient-reported outcome measures of cognitive concerns for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Five TBI model systems rehabilitation centers in the United States.

Participants: Adults with medically confirmed history of TBI.

Development of the TBI-QOL Headache Pain Item Bank and Short Form.

Objective: To develop, calibrate, and evaluate the test-retest reliability of a new patient-reported outcome measure of headache pain relevant for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Six TBI Model Systems rehabilitation centers in the United States.

Participants: Adults with medically confirmed documentation of TBI.

Measuring Fatigue in TBI: Development of the TBI-QOL Fatigue Item Bank and Short Form.

Objective: To develop a traumatic brain injury (TBI)-specific, item response theory (IRT)-calibrated Fatigue item bank, short form, and computer adaptive test (CAT) as part of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system.

Setting: Five TBI Model Systems rehabilitation centers in the US PARTICIPANTS:: Adults with complicated mild, moderate, or severe TBI confirmed by medical record review.

Design: Cross-sectional field testing via phone or in-person interview.

Development and Calibration of the TBI-QOL Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities and TBI-QOL Satisfaction With Social Roles and Activities Item Banks and Short Forms.

Objective: To develop traumatic brain injury (TBI)-optimized versions of the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities item banks, evaluate the psychometric properties of the item banks developed for adults with TBI, develop short form and computer adaptive test (CAT) versions, and report information to facilitate research and clinical applications.

Design: We used a mixed methods design to develop and evaluate Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities items. Focus groups defined the constructs, cognitive interviews guided item revisions, and confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory methods helped calibrate item banks and evaluate differential item functioning related to demographic and injury characteristics.

Development and Psychometric Characteristics of the TBI-QOL Independence Item Bank and Short Form and the TBI-QOL Asking for Help Scale.

Objective: To develop an item response theory (IRT)-calibrated, patient-reported outcome measure of subjective independence for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design: Large-scale item calibration field testing; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and graded response model IRT analyses.

Setting: Five TBI Model System centers across the United States.

Reliability and Construct Validity of the TBI-QOL Communication Short Form as a Parent-Proxy Report Instrument for Children With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the internal consistency and construct validity of the Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life Communication Item Bank (TBI-QOL COM) short form as a parent-proxy report measure. The TBI-QOL COM is a patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication originally developed as a self-report measure for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it may also be valid as a parent-proxy report measure for children who have sustained TBI. Method One hundred twenty-nine parent-proxy raters completed the TBI-QOL COM short form 6 months postinjury as a secondary aim of a multisite study of pediatric TBI outcomes.

Determining a transitional scoring link between PROMIS® pediatric and adult physical health measures.

Purpose: Having independent versions of the PROMIS® scales (for Pediatric and Adults) is problematic as scores cannot be evaluated longitudinally as individuals move from childhood into adulthood. The primary aim of this research project is to use item response theory (IRT) to develop a transitional scoring link (or "crosswalk") between the PROMIS adult and pediatric physical health measures.

Setting: Sample 1 was collected at 6 rehabilitation hospitals in the U.