Perforated Sigmoid Diverticulitis Within a Strangulated Inguinal Hernia.

We present a rare case of perforated diverticulitis within an inguinal hernia sac adjacent to a synthetic mesh from a prior incisional hernia. An 80-year-old-female presented to the ED with abdominal pain. Cross-sectional imaging was significant for a small bowel obstruction with a transition point in the right lower quadrant (RLQ).

Comparison between transpapillary versus transmural endoscopic ultrasound-guided decompression for biliary obstruction: a meta-analysis.

Background: Recent advances have led to the development of transmural endoscopic ultrasound guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) for cases where the duodenal papilla cannot be accessed.

Objectives: We performed a meta-analysis comparing efficacy and complications of both approaches for biliary drainage.

Review Methods: English articles were searched in PubMed.

T-tube Duodenostomy for the Difficult Duodenum.

Tube duodenostomy has been described as a useful technique in the management of difficult duodenum arising from a variety of pathologies. In addition, the use of a t-tube for the duodenostomy presents a resourceful option in the event of Malecot or other such catheter unavailability. The aim of our study is to describe the technique and outcomes associated with this approach.

Non-NAD-Like poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitors effectively Eliminate Cancer in vivo.

The clinical potential of PARP-1 inhibitors has been recognized >10years ago, prompting intensive research on their pharmacological application in several branches of medicine, particularly in oncology. However, natural or acquired resistance of tumors to known PARP-1 inhibitors poses a serious problem for their clinical implementation. Present study aims to reignite clinical interest to PARP-1 inhibitors by introducing a new method of identifying highly potent inhibitors and presenting the largest known collection of structurally diverse inhibitors.

Small-molecule collection and high-throughput colorimetric assay to identify PARP1 inhibitors.

During the last few years, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) proteins became a very popular target for anticancer treatment. Many PARP inhibitors have been generated and tested by pharmacological industry. However, most of them were designed to disrupt the DNA-dependent PARP1 protein activation pathway and were based on a competition with NAD for a binding site on PARP molecule and, therefore, on disruption of PARP-mediated enzymatic reaction.

Drosophila histone H2A variant (H2Av) controls poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) activation in chromatin.

According to the histone code hypothesis, histone variants and modified histones provide binding sites for proteins that change the chromatin state to either active or repressed. Here, we identify histone variants that regulate the targeting and enzymatic activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), a chromatin regulator in higher eukaryotes. We demonstrate that PARP1 is targeted to chromatin by association with the histone H2A variant (H2Av)--the Drosophila homolog of the mammalian histone H2A variants H2Az/H2Ax--and that subsequent phosphorylation of H2Av leads to PARP1 activation.

Characterization of a carcinogenesis rat model of ovarian preneoplasia and neoplasia.

Animal models of ovarian cancer are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and for testing new treatment strategies. A model of ovarian carcinogenesis in the rat was modified and improved to yield ovarian preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions that pathogenetically resemble human ovarian cancer. A significantly lower dose (2 to 5 mug per ovary) of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) was applied to the one ovary to maximally preserve its structural integrity.