Defining Daily Disposable Contact Lens Wear in a Clinical Study.

Significance: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulates contact lenses as prescription medical devices and defines daily disposable lenses for single use; however, safety comparisons between daily disposable and reusable lenses rely on the lens-wearing regimen.

Examining daily disposable soft contact lens wearers' attitudes and beliefs using the Health Belief Model.

Purpose: To use the Health Belief Model (HBM) to understand daily disposable (DD) soft contact lens (SCL) wearers' attitudes and beliefs.

Methods: A convenience sample of DD SCL wearers (18-33 years) was enrolled at two sites. Participants were queried about demographics, SCL wear and HBM constructs.

Change in Risk Score and Behaviors of Soft Contact Lens Wearers After Targeted Patient Education.

Objectives: To determine if targeted education can influence the behaviors and scores of soft contact lens (SCL) wearers via the Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS).

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study. Cases were symptomatic red eye SCL wearers (age, 18-39 years), and controls were age , sex, and site matched.

Gas-Permeable Contact Lenses and Water Exposure: Practices and Perceptions.

Significance: This study provides insight into the current recommendations, clinical behaviors, and risk assessments of eye care professionals on the topic of rigid contact lens exposure to tap water. This knowledge may motivate professional organizations to develop initiatives to educate eye care professionals on the dangers of contact lens exposure to water.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the practice patterns and risk perceptions of eye care professionals regarding gas-permeable contact lens exposure to tap water.

The contact Lens risk survey to assess risk of soft contact lens-related inflammatory events.

Purpose: To test the Contact Lens Assessment in Youth Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS) scoring algorithm in soft contact lens (SCL) wearers presenting with SCL-related adverse events and healthy matched controls.

Methods: This prospective case-control study compared CLRS responses in SCL wearers presenting with symptomatic red eyes (Cases) with age-, sex- and site-matched healthy SCL wearers (Controls) at six locations across North America. Responses to individual questions from Cases and Controls were analyzed using either the Pearson, Mantel-Haenszel chi-square, or Fisher's exact test.

Development of a contact Lens risk survey.

Purpose: To describe the development and report psychometric properties of the Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS) to identify patients at risk for soft contact lens-related complications.

Methods: Psychometric properties of the CLRS, a web-based survey with branching logic, were determined using data from 5 multi-site fieldings (n = 1059), including re-fielding to sub groups. Responses from participants with and without an active red eye were used to identify risk factors of a red eye event and calculate an overall risk score.

Water Exposure is a Common Risk Behavior Among Soft and Gas-Permeable Contact Lens Wearers.

Purpose: To understand soft contact lens (SCL) and gas-permeable (GP) lens wearers' behaviors and knowledge regarding exposure of lenses to water.

Methods: The Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS) and health behavior questions were completed online by a convenience sample of 1056 SCL and 85 GP lens wearers aged 20 to 76 years. Participants were asked about exposing their lenses to water and their understanding of risks associated with these behaviors.

Multicenter Testing of a Risk Assessment Survey for Soft Contact Lens Wearers With Adverse Events: A Contact Lens Assessment in Youth Study.

Purpose: To test the ability of responses to the Contact Lens Assessment in Youth (CLAY) Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS) to differentiate behaviors among participants with serious and significant (S&S) contact lens-related corneal inflammatory events, those with other events (non-S&S), and healthy controls matched for age, gender, and soft contact lens (SCL) wear frequency.

Methods: The CLRS was self-administered electronically to SCL wearers presenting for acute clinical care at 11 clinical sites. Each participant completed the CLRS before their examination.

Contact lens associated microbial keratitis: practical considerations for the optometrist.

Microbial keratitis (MK) is a corneal condition that encompasses several different pathogens and etiologies. While contact lens associated MK is most often associated with bacterial infections, other pathogens (fungi, species, etc) may be responsible. This review summarizes the risk factors, microbiology, diagnostic characteristics, and treatment options for all forms of contact lens-related MK.

Case-Control Pilot Study of Soft Contact Lens Wearers With Corneal Infiltrative Events and Healthy Controls.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess risk factors associated with soft contact lens (SCL)-related corneal infiltrative events (CIEs).

Methods: This was a single-visit, case-control study conducted at five academic centers in North America. Cases were defined as current SCL wearers with a symptomatic CIE.

Contact Lens Corneal Inflammatory Events in a University Population.

Purpose: To identify the contact lens-related modifiable and nonmodifiable factors associated with corneal inflammatory events (CIEs) in a university eye care center.

Methods: Contact lens-wearing undergraduate and graduate/professional students (age range, 18 to 36 years) with CIEs and contact lens wearers without complications (non-CIEs) were surveyed about their age, education level, overnight wear, brand of lens, brand of care solution, storage case age, topping-off, and lens replacement. Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of participant characteristics (demographic and behavior) and contact lens factors on the risk of a CIE.

A method to monitor eye and head tracking movements in college baseball players.

Purpose: This study had two purposes. The first was to develop a method to measure horizontal gaze tracking errors (based on synchronized eye and head tracking recordings) as subjects viewed many pitched balls. The second was to assess horizontal eye, head, and gaze tracking strategies of a group of Division 1 college baseball players.

Microbial keratitis secondary to unintended poor compliance with scleral gas-permeable contact lenses.

Purpose: To report a case of neurotrophic keratitis in which scleral contact lenses improved vision from 20/100 to 20/20, however, due to poor lens care, an incident of microbial keratitis developed.

Methods: A 64-year-old man with an ocular history of neurotrophic keratitis secondary to herpes simplex in each eye was successfully fit with scleral lenses. He subsequently developed microbial keratitis due to a number of risk factors.

Intercollegiate usage schedule and the impact resistance of used football helmet faceshields.

Purpose: Although new polycarbonate helmet faceshields can withstand impacts exceeding forces of 2,400 N, repeated impacts and ultraviolet radiation degrade the structural integrity. In this study, the impact resistances of unused, solar-radiated, and of game-used faceshields were analyzed. Also, Division 1 National Collegiate Athletic Association football programs were surveyed concerning their faceshield practices.

Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity testing for sports vision.

Unlabelled: : The building blocks of effective sports vision are visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Proper measurement of these spatial vision attributes is necessary for repeatability in the clinic or in the laboratory. The most repeatable method of testing visual acuity is with logMAR charts-either the Bailey-Lovie chart or the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart.

Text legibility and the letter superiority effect.

Effects of font design and electronic display parameters upon text legibility were determined using a threshold size method. Participants' visual acuity (inverse of the minimum detection size, representing the threshold legibility for each condition) was measured using upper- and lowercase letters and lowercase words in combinations of 6 fonts, 3 font-smoothing modes, 4 font sizes, 10 pixel heights, and 4 stroke widths. Individual lowercase letters were 10% to 20% more legible than lowercase words (i.