Metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected middle-aged women on antiretroviral therapy: prevalence and associated factors.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated factors in a group of HIV-infected middle-aged women.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including 273 HIV-infected climacteric women of 40-60 years of age under care in two HIV outpatient reference centers in Brazil. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was based on 2006 International Diabetes Federation criteria.

Efficacy of vaginally applied estrogen, testosterone, or polyacrylic acid on vaginal atrophy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Vaginal atrophy is a common chronic condition among postmenopausal women that can affect their quality of life. Recent studies have evaluated new treatment alternatives for vaginal atrophy; however, few therapeutic options have been thoroughly evaluated. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of estrogen, testosterone, polyacrylic acid, and placebo lubricant for the treatment of postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy.

Fat Grafting to the Breast, a Simple Procedure for a Very Complex Reconstruction.

Usually, complicated reconstructions demand complex procedures. However, we report an unpublished situation where lipofilling was the only effective procedure for breast reconstruction, once 4 previous procedures, including 2 microvascular free flaps, had failed. The reported case describes a woman without subcutaneous tissue in the left breast topography, with radiation sequelae resulting in a fibrotic, hyperchromic, unexpandable skin that was tethered to her costal bone and pleura.

Correlation between osteoporotic fracture risk in Brazilian postmenopausal women calculated using the FRAX with and without the inclusion of bone densitometry data.

Unlabelled: The risks of fracture were calculated in 402 postmenopausal Brazilian women by FRAX with or without the inclusion of bone densitometry values. The correlation between the risk of major osteoporosis fracture or hip fracture calculated by FRAX with or without BMD was similar in this population, 0.76 and 0.

Subjective urinary urgency in middle age women: A population-based study.

Aims: There are few population-based studies evaluating the epidemiology of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) in women, especially in the climacteric stage where there is a decrease in estrogen production. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of OAB and associated factors in climacteric Brazilian women.

Methods: A descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2012 and June 2013 with 749 women (a population-based household survey).

Middle-aged female sexual dysfunction and multimorbidity: a population-based study.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between multimorbidity and sexual dysfunction in women aged 45 to 60 years in a cross-sectional population-based study in a specific Brazilian city. It was also to evaluate the main factors associated with sexual dysfunction in the group with multimorbidity.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study conducted with 736 women (household survey), representative of a population of 257,434 women, to obtain data on multimorbidity and sexual dysfunction, as part of a broader study on women's health.

Association between HIV infection and bone mineral density in climacteric women.

Unlabelled: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating bone mineral density in HIV seropositive and seronegative climacteric women. HIV infection was negatively associated with bone mineral density in the lumbar spine

Purpose: To assess bone mineral density (BMD) and its associated factors in HIV seropositive and seronegative climacteric women

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 537 women (273 HIV seropositive and 264 HIV seronegative) aged between 40 and 60 years old receiving follow-up care at two hospitals in Brazil. A questionnaire on clinical and sociodemographic characteristics was completed.

Sexual function and quality of life in women with cervical cancer before radiotherapy: a pilot study.

Purpose: To achieve a better understanding of issues related to sexual function and quality of life (QOL) of women with cervical cancer before radiotherapy treatment.

Methods: A pilot study with 80 women with cervical cancer from Jan/2013 to Mar/2014. The outcome variables were sexual function assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and QOL, assessed using the World Health Organization questionnaire.

Unmanipulated native fat exposed to high-energy diet, but not autologous grafted fat by itself, may lead to overexpression of Ki67 and PAI-1.

Background: Although its unclear oncological risk, which led to more than 20 years of prohibition of its use, fat grafting to the breast is widely used nowadays even for aesthetic purposes. Thus, we proposed an experimental model in rats to analyze the inflammatory activity, cellular proliferation and levels of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) in grafted fat, and in native fat exposed to high-energy diet in order to study the oncological potential of fat tissue.

Methods: Samples of grafted fat of rats on regular-energy diet were compared with paired samples of native fat from the same rat on regular-energy diet and on high-energy diet in a different time.

[Factors associated with menopausal symptoms in women from a metropolitan region in Southeastern Brazil: a population-based household survey].

Purpose: To determine the average age at the onset of menopause and to investigate menopausal symptoms in women in a metropolitan region in Southeastern Brazil.

Methods: A descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted with 749 women (a population-based household survey). The dependent variable was the intensity of menopausal symptoms assessed by th Menopause Rating Scale (MRS).

The epidemiology and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a viewpoint from Brazil.

Brazil has an aging population, with an associated increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is of particular concern because it leads to an increased risk of fractures, with subsequent negative impacts on health in older women. In recent years, efforts have been made to better understand the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Brazil, and to manage both direct and indirect costs to the Brazilian health care system.

Cancer in Women over 50 Years of Age: A Focus on Smoking.

The increase in life expectancy worldwide has resulted in a greater prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of cancer among Brazilian women over the age of 50. A cross-sectional study with 622 women over the age of 50 was performed using a population survey.

Omentum for Mammary Disorders: A 30-Year Systematic Review.

Purpose: Although the safety of applying omentum to the female breast for total breast reconstruction is controversial, it has recently been used to treat certain mammary disorders as well. A systematic review was therefore conducted to analyze and establish the suitability and safety of applying omentum to the breast.

Methods: Covereing the interval from January 1984 to December 2013, we performed searches in MEDLINE, Embase, SciELO, and Google-Scholar for original articles describing the applicability of greater omentum to the breast and its clinical complications.

Factors associated with the age of the onset of diabetes in women aged 50 years or more: a population-based study.

Objective: Investigate factors associated with the onset of diabetes in women aged more than 49 years.

Design And Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study using self-reports with 622 women. The dependent variable was the age of occurrence of diabetes using the life table method.

Effects of a soy-based dietary supplement compared with low-dose hormone therapy on the urogenital system: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.

Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of a soy-based dietary supplement, low-dose hormone therapy (HT), and placebo on the urogenital system in postmenopausal women.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 60 healthy postmenopausal women aged 40 to 60 years (mean time since menopause, 4.1 y) were randomized into three groups: a soy dietary supplement group (90 mg of isoflavone), a low-dose HT group (1 mg of estradiol plus 0.

Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To evaluate whether dyspareunia is associated with HIV status in menopausal women and also to assess which factors are associated with dyspareunia in a group of HIV-positive menopausal women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 178 HIV-negative and 128 HIV-positive women aged 40-60 years. The Short Personal Experiences Questionnaire (SPEQ) was used to collect data.

Disability and multimorbidity in women older than 50 years: a population-based household survey.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of disability and associated factors in Brazilian women older than 50 years.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study (in the form of a population survey) of 622 women older than 50 years and residing in Campinas, Brazil. Disability was assessed through a questionnaire with seven items and defined as "being completely unable to perform any of them.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its association with multimorbidity in women aged 50 years or older: A population-based study.

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for urinary incontinence, as well as its association with multimorbidity among Brazilian women aged 50 or over.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional population-based study including 622 women 50 years or older, conducted in the city of Campinas-SP-Brazil. The dependent variable was Urinary Incontinence (UI), defined as any complaint of urine loss.

Factors associated with the onset of hypertension in women of 50 years of age or more in a city in Southeastern Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate factors associated with hypertension in Brazilian women of 50 years of age or more.

Methods: A cross-sectional population based study using self-reports. A total of 622 women were included.

The effect of soy dietary supplement and low dose of hormone therapy on main cardiovascular health biomarkers: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To assess the effects of a soy dietary supplement on the main biomarkers of cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women compared with the effects of low-dose hormone therapy (HT) and placebo.

Methods: Double-blind, randomized and controlled intention-to-treat trial. Sixty healthy postmenopausal women, aged 40-60 years, 4.

[Association between breast arterial calcifications and cardiovascular risk factors in menopausal women].

Purpose: To analyze associations between mammographic arterial mammary calcifications in menopausal women and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study, in which we analyzed the mammograms and medical records of 197 patients treated between 2004 and 2005. Study variables were: breast arterial calcifications, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypertension.

Low bone mass in human immunodeficiency virus-infected climacteric women receiving antiretroviral therapy: prevalence and associated factors.

Objective: Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been found in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; however, data on associated factors remain unclear, specifically in middle-aged women. This study aims to evaluate factors associated with low BMD in HIV-positive women.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was administered to 206 HIV-positive women aged 40 to 60 years who were receiving outpatient care.

[Climacteric syndrome in a Northeastern Brazilian city: a household survey].

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of Climacteric Syndrome (CS) in women from a municipality of Northeastern Brazil which is less developed socioeconomically.

Methods: A prospective household survey was performed in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil with 1,210 climacteric women aged 45 to 60 years. Interviews were applied using previously tested standard questionnaires from April to July 2008.

Expression of hormone receptors, Bcl‑2, Cox‑2 and Ki67 in benign endometrial polyps and their association with obesity.

The present study examined the immunoexpression of the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesterone receptor (PR), B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), cyclooxygenase‑2 (Cox‑2) and Ki67 in endometrial polyps and their association with obesity. In total, 515 premenopausal and postmenopausal females undergoing hysteroscopy with histological diagnosis of benign polyps were included. The immunohistochemical expression of the ER, PR, Bcl‑2, Cox‑2 and Ki67 was compared between obese and non‑obese females.