In vitro production of haploid germ cells from murine spermatogonial stem cells using a two-dimensional cell culture system.

The in vitro propagation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) has many potential applications within reproductive science and medicine. We established a two-dimensional (2D) cell culture system to proliferate and differentiate prepubertal mouse SSCs as a model capable of maximizing on a small number of donor SSCs. We also investigated the effects of retinol on in vitro SSC differentiation.

Dietary curcumin supplementation effects on blood immunological profile and liver enzymatic activity of laying hens after exposure to high temperature conditions.

Various environmental factors affect livestock production but heat stress is a major challenge in the poultry farming. Poultry exposes to high temperature alters blood immunological parameters and liver enzymatic function which in turn, suppress the immunity and disease resistance of chickens. Thus, the purpose of present study was to explore the effect of dietary curcumin supplementation on blood immunological biomarker and liver enzymatic activity of laying hens under heat stress conditions.

Effect of dietary curcumin on the antioxidant status of laying hens under high- temperature condition.

Heat stress induces oxidative stress, and reduces antioxidant defenses of birds, which may affect poultry-production performance. Dietary antioxidants may protect against heat stress. We evaluated the effect of increasing concentrations of dietary curcumin on antioxidant parameters of hens under high-temperature conditions for nine weeks.

Chicken toll-like receptors and their significance in immune response and disease resistance.

Infectious diseases are a major challenge for the poultry industry that causes widespread production losses. Thus, management and control of poultry health and diseases are essential for the viability of the industry. Toll-like receptors are best characterized as membrane-bound receptors that perform a central role in immune homeostasis and disease resistance by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.

Effect of curcumin supplementation on TLR4 mediated non-specific immune responses in liver of laying hens under high-temperature conditions.

The liver performs a significant role in innate and adaptive immunity. Heat stress causes oxidative stress in liver tissues and reduces the immune responses of laying hens which can cause several diseases affecting poultry-production performance. Hepatic inflammation is a common trigger of liver disease, which is reflected by hepatic tissue damage leading to fibrogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pancreatic β-cell replacement: advances in protocols used for differentiation of pancreatic progenitors to β-like cells.

Insulin-producing cells derived from in vitro differentiation of stem cells and non-stem cells by using different factors can spare the need for genetic manipulation and provide a cure for diabetes. In this context, pancreatic progenitors differentiating to β-like cells garner increasing attention as β-cell replacement source. This kind of cell therapy has the potential to cure diabetes, but is still on its way of being clinically useful.

Cryptic footprints of rare earth elements on natural resources and living organisms.

Background: Rare earth elements (REEs) are gaining attention due to rapid rise of modern industries and technological developments in their usage and residual fingerprinting. Cryptic entry of REEs in the natural resources and environment is significant; therefore, life on earth is prone to their nasty effects. Scientific sectors have expressed concerns over the entry of REEs into food chains, which ultimately influences their intake and metabolism in the living organisms.

The effect of ginger powder and Chinese herbal medicine on production performance, serum metabolites and antioxidant status of laying hens under heat-stress condition.

This study was done to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and ginger powder on layers-production performance, serum metabolites and antioxidant status under heat stress condition. Two hundred and fifty Lohmann layers were randomly divided into 5 different, including two controls and three experimental groups (H1, H2, and H3). Control groups were fed the basic diet without supplementation, while, the feed of three experimental groups was supplemented with 3.

Curcumin inhibits heat-induced oxidative stress by activating the MAPK-Nrf2 / ARE signaling pathway in chicken fibroblasts cells.

Curcumin is a natural phenolic component of yellow curry spice, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study we investigated whether curcumin suppresses heat-induced apoptosis in chicken embryonic fibroblast cells (CEF) and the underlying mechanism. CEF cells line was divided into 6 groups (4 repetitions per group) including normal temperature group (NC), high temperature control group (H) and 4 experimental groups (H1(5 μmol/L), H2(10 μmol/L), H3(20 μmol/L) and H4(40 μmol/L)).

The optimized condition for the isolation and in vitro propagation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells.

Introduction: The ability for isolation and in vitro propagation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) offer a base for studies on spermatogenesis, and also contribute to the development of new methods for the preservation of livestock and animal genetic modification. The aim of this study was to find the optimal isolation and culture condition for efficient propagation of SSCs.

Methods: Three different isolation methods (mechanical, one-, and two-step enzymatic digestion) were compared to find the optimal isolation method.

Heat stress in poultry production: Mitigation strategies to overcome the future challenges facing the global poultry industry.

Worldwide, the effect of climatic variations has become a great challenge in poultry production. As global climate is changing, it alters the environmental temperatures, precipitation patterns and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Poultry farming mainly depends on climatic conditions such as temperature and humidity.

Progress and future prospect of spermatogenesis.

Infertility has become a major health issue in the world. It affects the social life of couples and of all infertility cases; approximately 40-50% is due to "male factor" infertility. Male infertility could be due to genetic factors, environment or due to gonadotoxic treatment.