Modification of polyurethane foams with zinc sulfide nanoparticles and their novel composites with multani mitti and charcoal for oil spill cleanup.

With the rapid growth of the automobile industry, the excessive number of industrial pollutants, particularly oil spills, has become a huge threat to the natural environment. Therefore, an environmentally benign and sustainable solution is required for an effective oil spill cleanup. To enhance the sorption capacity of pristine polyurethane (PU) foam used in oil spill cleanup, ZnS nanoparticles were deposited on PU foam a coprecipitation approach.

Development of novel polymer haemoglobin based particles as an antioxidant, antibacterial and an oxygen carrier agents.

This innovative work aims to develop highly biocompatible and degradable nanoparticles by encapsulating haemoglobin (Hb) within poly-ε-caprolactone for novel biomedical applications. We used a modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method to fabricate the particles. A Scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterized them for surface morphology.

Antibacterial and in vivo toxicological studies of BiO/CuO/GO nanocomposite synthesized via cost effective methods.

In this research work, BiO, BiO/GO and BiO/CuO/GO nanocomposites have been synthesized via an eco-friendly green synthesis technique, solgel route and co-precipitation method respectively for the assessment of antibacterial activity as well as in vivo toxicity. The XRD patterns confirm the formation of BiO, BiO/GO and BiO/CuO/GO nanocomposites showing monoclinic structures. Crystallite size and lattice strain are calculated by Scherrer equation, Scherrer plot and Willimson Hall plot methods.

Comparison of 99mTc Injected Activity with Prescribed Activity in Four Types of Nuclear Medicine Exams.

Background: 99mTc is a radioactive isotope that is obtained by eluting a 99Mo/99mTc generator. (PINSTECH, Islamabad) and used for radionuclide scanning.

Objectives: The objective of this work is to study the uncertainties in 99mTc activity that exist due to time delay between injection preparation and administration to patients, during the process of gamma camera scanning.

Lecithin-coated gold nanoflowers (GNFs) for CT scan imaging applications and biochemical parameters; in vitro and in vivo studies.

We report a novel strategy for the fabrication of lecithin-coated gold nanoflowers (GNFs) via single-step design for CT imaging application. Field-emission electron microscope confirmed flowers like morphology of the as-synthesized nanostructures. Furthermore, these show absorption peak in near-infrared (NIR) region at λ 690 nm Different concentrations of GNFs are tested as a contrast agent in CT scans at tube voltage 135 kV and tube current 350 mA.

Accuracy requirements in radiotherapy treatment planning.

Radiation therapy attempts to deliver ionizing radiation to the tumour and can improve the survival chances and/or quality of life of patients. There are chances of errors and uncertainties in the entire process of radiotherapy that may affect the accuracy and precision of treatment management and decrease degree of conformation. All expected inaccuracies, like radiation dose determination, volume calculation, complete evaluation of the full extent of the tumour, biological behaviour of specific tumour types, organ motion during radiotherapy, imaging, biological/molecular uncertainties, sub-clinical diseases, microscopic spread of the disease, uncertainty in normal tissue responses and radiation morbidity need sound appreciation.

An analysis of depth dose characteristics of photon in water.

Background: Photon beam is most widely being used for radiation therapy. Biological effect of radiation is concerned with the evaluation of energy absorbed in the tissues. It was aimed to analyse the depth dose characteristics of x-ray beams of diverse energies to enhance the quality of radiotherapy treatment planning.

Effects of variation of MRI parameters on signal homogeneity: a qualitative analysis for ferrous benzoic xylenon orange gel.

Objective: This study focuses on the diverse effects of MRI parameters on image quality using widely available imaging pulse sequences.

Methods: A tissue equivalent gel system has been used for Magnetic Resonance Imaging by using Xylenol orange dye with Fricke-Benzoic solution which was formulated by Kelly R.G (1998).