Advances in Natural-Product-Based Fluorescent Agents and Synthetic Analogues for Analytical and Biomedical Applications.

Fluorescence is a remarkable property exhibited by many chemical compounds and biomolecules. Fluorescence has revolutionized analytical and biomedical sciences due to its wide-ranging applications in analytical and diagnostic tools of biological and environmental importance. Fluorescent molecules are frequently employed in drug delivery, optical sensing, cellular imaging, and biomarker discovery.

Radiation Segmentectomy and Modified Radiation Lobectomy for Unresectable Early-Stage Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: To validate the safety and efficacy of radiation segmentectomy (RS) and modified radiation lobectomy (mRL) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and to evaluate long-term outcomes in patients with unresectable, early-stage iCCA.

Materials And Methods: A single-institution, retrospective study of patients with unresectable, solitary iCCA without extrahepatic disease or vascular involvement (stage I) treated with RS and mRL was performed. Fifteen patients met inclusion criteria (median age 65.

Superstructures of copper nanoclusters as NIR TADF emitters: solvent-dependent optical and morphological modulation.

Herein, we report 2-mercaptopyridine-templated copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) which display near infra-red (NIR) emission, both in the solid and colloidal states. Interestingly, the NIR emission can be modulated to orange emission by preparing the CuNCs in a mixed solvent system of chloroform and methanol instead of water. The drastic change in the photo-physical properties of the CuNCs when prepared in two different solvent systems is accompanied by a unique morphological tuning.

Evaluation of validity and reliability of AI Chatbots as public sources of information on dental trauma.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of AI chatbots, including Bing, ChatGPT 3.5, Google Gemini, and Claude AI, in addressing frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to dental trauma.

Methodology: A set of 30 FAQs was initially formulated by collecting responses from four AI chatbots.

Novel 3-dimensional classification of cervical abrasion using CBCT: A comprehensive analysis.

Introduction: Tooth cervical abrasion (CA) is a prevalent non-carious cervical lesion that poses challenges for accurate diagnosis from periapical radiographs due to difficulties in assessing the lesion's extent, associated bone loss, and pulpal involvement. The presence of overlying bone structures on the palatal side when lesions are located on the buccal side, or vice versa, further complicates radiographic interpretation. So it is important to define the lesions in all three dimensions.

Simultaneous tracking of ultrafast surface and gas-phase dynamics in solid-gas interfacial reactions.

Real-time detection of intermediate species and final products at the surface and near-surface in interfacial solid-gas reactions is critical for an accurate understanding of heterogeneous reaction mechanisms. In this article, an experimental method that can simultaneously monitor the ultrafast dynamics at the surface and above the surface in photoinduced heterogeneous reactions is presented. This method relies on a combination of mass spectrometry and femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy.

A Comparative Investigation of Aerosol Generation and Exposure Risk During Access Cavity Preparation With or Without Rubber Dam Application.

Background: Aerosols generated during dental procedures have taken the forefront of discussion in dentistry. Due to the nature of their work, dental professionals face a significant risk of exposure to various biological hazards, such as saliva, blood, aerosols, and droplets. Aerosols, which are tiny particles with a diameter of less than 50µm, have a unique property that allows them to stay suspended in the air for extended periods.

Unveiling the Mysteries of a Composite Compound Odontoma: Insights From the Management of a Rare Entity.

Odontomas are one of the slow-growing odontogenic tumors. They are not a true neoplasm and are considered to be hamartoma. Odontomas consist of four distinct tissues, i.

Innovative exploration: A comparative study of novel approaches of root canal filling material removal efficiency.

Introduction: Retention of the natural tooth without any symptoms in the oral cavity is one of the prime desires of endodontic treatment. Root canal therapy usually leads to failure when treatment is not up to the mark of acceptable standards. To address these deficiencies, non-surgical endodontic retreatment is the most accepted option with the success rate ranging from 65% to 83%.

Knowledge, attitude and awareness among diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients about the association between diabetes and oral health.

Background: Global prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing with an estimate to affect 593 million worldwide by 2035. Current evidence clearly states an association between oral diseases and diabetes mellitus with manifestations like periodontitis, peri-implantitis, xerostomia, etc. Despite this obvious link, knowledge, awareness and attitude of general population towards this are not fully understood.

MRI Quantification of Left Atrial Circumferential Strain in Mitral Regurgitation: A Feasibility and Reproducibility Study.

Background: MRI-derived left atrial (LA) longitudinal strain has been shown to be a marker for mitral regurgitation, but the utility of LA circumferential strain remains unclear.

Purpose: To assess feasibility and reproducibility of LA circumferential strain, identify changes in mitral regurgitation patients compared to healthy volunteers, and determine strain's association with mitral regurgitation severity and cardiac function.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Evaluation of Ischemia with No Obstructive Coronary Arteries (INOCA) and Contemporary Applications of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR).

Ischemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is a relatively newly discovered ischemic phenotype that affects patients similarly to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) but has a unique pathophysiology and epidemiology. Patients with INOCA present with ischemic signs and symptoms but no obstructive CAD seen on coronary CTA or invasive coronary angiography, which can assess epicardial vessels. The mechanisms of INOCA can be grouped into three endotypes: coronary microvascular dysfunction, epicardial coronary vasospasm, or a combination of both.

Heart Failure Preserved Ejection Fraction in Women: Insights Learned from Imaging.

While the prevalence of heart failure, in general, is similar in men and women, women experience a higher rate of HFpEF compared to HFrEF. Cardiovascular risk factors, parity, estrogen levels, cardiac physiology, and altered response to the immune system may be at the root of this difference. Studies have found that in response to increasing age and hypertension, women experience more concentric left ventricle remodeling, more ventricular and arterial stiffness, and less ventricular dilation compared to men, which predisposes women to developing more diastolic dysfunction.

Smaller Diameter and Adjustable Diameter Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts.

Complications of overshunting, including hepatic encephalopathy and hepatic insufficiency, remain prevalent following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation. Smaller diameter TIPS may reduce the risk of overshunting, but the use of smaller stents must be weighed against the risk of undershunting and persistent or recurrent hemorrhage, ascites, and other complications of portal hypertension. This article explores the question of optimal shunt diameter by examining outcomes for smaller diameter TIPS stent-grafts (<10 mm), underdilated stent-grafts, and variable diameter stent-grafts.

Understanding the Effect of an Amorphous Surface on the Ultrafast Dynamics of a Heterogeneous Photoinduced Reaction: CDI Photoinduced Reaction on Amorphous Cerium Oxide Films.

In this work, to understand how an amorphous surface influences the dynamics of surface photoinduced reactions, pump-probe spectroscopy in conjunction with mass spectrometry is employed to track the ultrafast evolution of intermediates and final products with time, mass, and energy resolution. As a model system, the photoinduced reaction of CDI adsorbed on amorphous cerium oxide films is investigated. A fraction of the first intermediates produced on a freshly prepared surface is trapped to passivate the surface.

Current Research on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have piqued the curiosity of researchers all over the world due to their extensive biological activity. They are less toxic and biodegradable with the capacity to greatly boost pharmacophore bioactivity. ZnO-NPs are the most extensively used metal oxide nanoparticles in electronic and optoelectronics because of their distinctive optical and chemical properties which can be readily modified by altering the morphology and the wide bandgap.

COVID-19 in Hemodialysis Patients: Experience from a Western Indian Center.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis (CKD-5D) are among the worst hit by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Need to travel for dialysis, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive state put them at risk of severe disease and poor outcomes. We report our experience of COVID-19 in a cohort of CKD-5D from a public sector tertiary-care center from western India.

Direct mitral regurgitation quantification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using 4D flow CMR jet tracking: evaluation in comparison to conventional CMR.

Background: Quantitative evaluation of mitral regurgitation (MR) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) relies on an indirect volumetric calculation. The aim of this study was to directly assess and quantify MR jets in patients with HCM using 4D flow CMR jet tracking in comparison to standard-of-care CMR indirect volumetric method.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with HCM undergoing 4D flow CMR.

Valvular regurgitation flow jet assessment using in vitro 4D flow MRI: Implication for mitral regurgitation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI for direct assessment of peak velocity, flow volume, and momentum of a mitral regurgitation (MR) flow jets using an in vitro pulsatile jet flow phantom. We systematically investigated the impact of spatial resolution and quantification location along the jet on flow quantities with Doppler ultrasound as a reference for peak velocity.

Methods: Four-dimensional flow MRI data of a pulsatile jet through a circular, elliptical, and 3D-printed patient-specific MR orifice model was acquired with varying spatial resolution (1.

Exploring the growth and oxidation of 2D-TaSon Cu(111).

In this work, the growth and stability towards Oexposure of two dimensional (2D) TaSon a Cu(111) substrate is investigated. Large area (∼1 cm) crystalline 2D-TaSfilms with a metallic character are prepared on a single crystal Cu(111) substrate via a multistep approach based on physical vapor deposition. Analytical techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, and photoemission spectroscopy are used to characterize the composition, crystallinity, and electronic structure of the surface.