Sensory functions and their relation to balance metrics: a secondary analysis of the LIMBIC-CENC multicenter cohort.

Introduction: Among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), balance problems often persist alongside hearing and vision impairments that lead to poorer outcomes of functional independence. As such, the ability to regain premorbid independent gait may be dictated by the level of sensory acuity or processing decrements that are shown following TBI assessment. This study explores the relationships between standardized sensory acuity and processing outcomes to postural balance and gait speed.

Executive function and relation to static balance metrics in chronic mild TBI: A LIMBIC-CENC secondary analysis.

Introduction: Among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), postural instability often persists chronically with negative consequences such as higher fall risk. One explanation may be reduced executive function (EF) required to effectively process, interpret and combine, sensory information. In other populations, a decline in higher cognitive functions are associated with a decline in walking and balance skills.

Relation of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury history to abnormalities on a preliminary Neuroendocrine screen; A multicenter LIMBIC-CENC analysis.

Primary Objectives: Determine if an abnormal preliminary neuroendocrine disorder (NED) blood test screen is associated with mild TBI (mTBI) history or post-concussiveclinical features.

Research Design: Observational.

Methods: Among 1,520 participants with military combatexposure, we measured randomly timed serum levels of insulin-likegrowth factor-1, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and total testosterone as a preliminary NED screen.

Sleep quality: A common thread linking depression, post-traumatic stress, and post-concussive symptoms to biomarkers of neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), many individuals suffer from persistent post-concussive, depressive, post-traumatic stress, and sleep-related symptoms. Findings from self-report scales link these symptoms to biomarkers of neurodegeneration, although the underlying pathophysiology is unclear. Each linked self-report scale includes sleep items, raising the possibility that despite varied symptomology, disordered sleep may underlie these associations.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Preterm Rabbit Pup: Characterization of Cerebrovascular Maturation following Administration of Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1/Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1-Binding Protein 3.

Following preterm birth, serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) decrease compared to corresponding in utero levels. A recent clinical trial indicated that supplementation with recombinant human (rh) IGF-1/rhIGF-binding protein 3 (rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3) prevents severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in extremely preterm infants. In a preterm rabbit pup model, we characterized endogenous serum and hepatic IGF-1, along with brain distribution of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R).

Cell-free oxidized hemoglobin drives reactive oxygen species production and pro-inflammation in an immature primary rat mixed glial cell culture.

Background: Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is associated with deposition of redox active cell-free hemoglobin (Hb), derived from hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), in the cerebrum and cerebellum. In a recent study, using a preterm rabbit pup model of IVH, intraventricularly administered haptoglobin (Hp), a cell-free Hb scavenger, partially reversed the damaging effects observed following IVH. Together, this suggests that cell-free Hb is central in the pathophysiology of the injury to the immature brain following GM-IVH.

Corrigendum: High Presence of Extracellular Hemoglobin in the Periventricular White Matter Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.

Depression as a Predictor of Long-term Employment Outcomes Among Individuals With Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the predictive ability of depression when considering long-term employment outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) after controlling for key preinjury and injury-related variables.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Setting: Community follow-up after discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation center.

The heme and radical scavenger α-microglobulin (A1M) confers early protection of the immature brain following preterm intraventricular hemorrhage.

Background: Germinal matrix intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is associated with cerebro-cerebellar damage in very preterm infants, leading to neurodevelopmental impairment. Penetration, from the intraventricular space, of extravasated red blood cells and extracellular hemoglobin (Hb), to the periventricular parenchyma and the cerebellum has been shown to be causal in the development of brain injury following GM-IVH. Furthermore, the damage has been described to be associated with the cytotoxic nature of extracellular Hb-metabolites.

Using Decision Tree Methodology to Predict Employment After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To build decision tree prediction models for long-term employment outcomes of individuals after moderate to severe closed traumatic brain injury (TBI) and assess model accuracy in an independent sample.

Setting: TBI Model Systems Centers.

Participants: TBI Model Systems National Database participants injured between January 1997 and January 2017 with moderate to severe closed TBI.

Recruiting for a multicentre DoD and VA longitudinal study: lessons learned.

Primary Objective: The primary objective of the study is to identify and delineate effective recruitment practises in a large, multi-site, longitudinal, observational study employing both military service members and Veterans.

Setting: Four Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium sites.

Design: A descriptive study.

Is balance performance reduced after mild traumatic brain injury?: Interim analysis from chronic effects of neurotrauma consortium (CENC) multi-centre study.

Objectives: Determine if mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history is associated with balance disturbances.

Setting: Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium (CENC) centres.

Participants: The CENC multi-centre study enrols post-9/11 era Service Members and Veterans with combat exposure.

Understanding the impact of mild traumatic brain injury on veteran service-connected disability: results from Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium.

Objectives: Disability evaluation is complex. The association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history and VA service-connected disability (SCD) ratings can have implications for disability processes in the civilian population. We examined the association of VA SCD ratings with lifetime mTBI exposure in three models: any mTBI, total mTBI number, and blast-related mTBI.

Predicting Long-Term Global Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury: Development of a Practical Prognostic Tool Using the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database.

For patients surviving serious traumatic brain injury (TBI), families and other stakeholders often desire information on long-term functional prognosis, but accurate and easy-to-use clinical tools are lacking. We aimed to build utilitarian decision trees from commonly collected clinical variables to predict Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) functional levels at 1, 2, and 5 years after moderate-to-severe closed TBI. Flexible classification tree statistical modeling was used on prospectively collected data from the TBI-Model Systems (TBIMS) inception cohort study.

Behavioral testing and litter effects in the rabbit.

Background: Behavioral testing provides an essential approach in further developing our understanding of brain structure and function. The aim of our study was to outline a more expanded approach to cognition- and anxiety-related behavior in the rabbit.

Methods: Twenty-one 70-day old rabbits (13 female, 8 male) were exposed to open field test, dark-light box test and object recognition testing with variations in inter-trial-interval, olfactory recognition and object location testing.

Cerebellar Exposure to Cell-Free Hemoglobin Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Causal in Cerebellar Damage?

Decreased cerebellar volume is associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very preterm infants and may be a principal component in neurodevelopmental impairment. Cerebellar deposition of blood products from the subarachnoid space has been suggested as a causal mechanism in cerebellar underdevelopment following IVH. Using the preterm rabbit pup IVH model, we evaluated the effects of IVH induced at E29 (3 days prior to term) on cerebellar development at term-equivalent postnatal day 0 (P0), term-equivalent postnatal day 2 (P2), and term-equivalent postnatal day 5 (P5).

The top 100 cited neurorehabilitation papers.

Background: Neurorehabilitation covers a large range of disorders, assessment approaches and treatment methods. There have been previous citation analyses of rehabilitation and of its subfields. However, there has never been a comprehensive citation analysis in neurorehabilitation.

High Presence of Extracellular Hemoglobin in the Periventricular White Matter Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Severe cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants continues to be a major clinical problem, occurring in about 15-20% of very preterm infants. In contrast to other brain lesions the incidence of IVH has not been reduced over the last decade, but actually slightly increased. Currently over 50% of surviving infants develop post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation and about 35% develop severe neurological impairment, mainly cerebral palsy and intellectual disability.

Quality of depression treatment in Black Americans with major depression and comorbid medical illness.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate how comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) influence depression treatment and to assess whether these effects operate differently in a nationally representative community-based sample of Black Americans.

Methods: Data came from the National Survey of American Life (N=3673), and analysis is limited to respondents who met lifetime criteria for major depression (MD) (N=402). Depression care was defined according to American Psychiatric Association (APA) guidelines and included psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and satisfaction with services.

Consent to organ donation: a review.

Successful transplant medicine hinges on consent to deceased organ donation. Yet rates of consent remain suboptimal. To increase the availability of transplantable organs, several policy strategies along with a rich body of evidence aimed at identifying best practices for obtaining consent have accumulated.