High-Risk Lineages of Hybrid Plasmids Carrying Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant () and () isolated from Russian hospitals. : We performed short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing of 53 clinical isolates (48 and 5 ) attributed to 15 genetic lineages and collected from 21 hospitals across nine Russian cities between 2016 and 2022.

Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in ACPA-Negative and ACPA-Positive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to assess the level of antibodies to carbamylated proteins and analyze the clinical and immunological associations in patients with ACPA-negative and ACPA-positive variants of rheumatoid arthritis.

Materials And Methods: . The study involved 150 patients with a reliable diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and 25 patients as healthy controls.

Minimum inhibitory concentrations of aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring carbapenemase genes.

This study was aimed at understanding the distributions of the MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) of aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem with respect to Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing different types of carbapenemases and their combinations. K. pneumoniae isolates were collected between 2019 and 2022 from 37 hospitals.

Clinical Significance of Antibodies to DFS70 in Immunoinflammatory Rheumatic Diseases.

The relevance of the problem of immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD) for modern medicine is determined by their high prevalence in the population, the difficulty of early diagnosis, the rapid development of disability and poor life prognosis. Recent data on the significance of anti-DFS70 have opened up new possibilities for optimizing the step-by-step diagnosis of IIRD. The detection of these antibodies can help in the interpretation of a positive result for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells (IIFA-HEp-2) in the absence of autoantibodies specific for IIRD.

Gut Microbiota and Biomarkers of Intestinal Barrier Damage in Cirrhosis.

Gut dysbiosis and subclinical intestinal damage are common in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to examine the association of intestinal damage biomarkers (diamine oxidase [DAO], claudin 3, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein [I-FABP; FABP2]) with the state of the gut microbiota in cirrhosis. The blood levels of DAO were inversely correlated with blood levels of claudin 3, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), presepsin, TNF-α, and the severity of cirrhosis according to Child-Pugh scores.

Different Clinical Relevance of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in RA Patients.

The objective of the study was to find a potential relationship between ACPAs and disease activity, bone destruction, and ACPA responses to various therapeutic regimens. The study included 232 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 90 patients had early RA, and 142 patients had an advanced stage of the disease. 77 (85.

Testing the mutant selection window hypothesis with meropenem: In vitro model study with OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

OXA-48 carbapenemases are frequently expressed by Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates; they decrease the effectiveness of carbapenem therapy, particularly with meropenem. Among these isolates, meropenem-susceptible carbapenemase-producers may show decreased meropenem effectiveness. However, the probability of the emergence of resistance in susceptible carbapenemase-producing isolates and its dependence on specific K.

Meropenem MICs at Standard and High Inocula and Mutant Prevention Concentration Inter-Relations: Comparative Study with Non-Carbapenemase-Producing and OXA-48-, KPC- and NDM-Producing .

The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is conventionally used to define in vitro levels of susceptibility or resistance of a specific bacterial strain to an antibiotic and to predict its clinical efficacy. Along with MIC, other measures of bacteria resistance exist: the MIC determined at high bacterial inocula (MIC) that allow the estimation of the occurrence of inoculum effect (IE) and the mutant prevention concentration, MPC. Together, MIC, MIC and MPC represent the bacterial "resistance profile".

Susceptibility to Carbapenem/Relebactam Combinations: Influence of Inoculum Density and Carbapenem-to-Inhibitor Concentration Ratio.

The inoculum effect (IE) is a well-known phenomenon with beta-lactams. At the same time, the IE has not been extensively studied with carbapenem/carbapenemase inhibitor combinations. The antibiotic-to-inhibitor concentration ratio used in susceptibility testing can influence the in vitro activity of the combination.

Emergence of Hybrid Resistance and Virulence Plasmids Harboring New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase in in Russia.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent (CR-hvKp) is a new threat to healthcare. In this study, we analyzed nine CR-hvKp isolates of different sequence-types (ST) recovered from patients with nosocomial infections in two hospitals in Saint Petersburg. Whole-genome sequencing showed that eight of them harbored large mosaic plasmids carrying resistance to carbapenems and hypervirulence simultaneously, and four different types of hybrid plasmids were identified.

Findings of Russian literature on the clinical application of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.): A narrative review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim (ES) (syn.

Chiral Optical Tamm States at the Interface between a Dye-Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystal and an Anisotropic Mirror.

The resonant splitting of optical Tamm state numerically is demonstrated. The Tamm state is localized at the interface between a resonant chiral medium and a polarization-preserving anisotropic mirror. The chiral medium is considered as a cholesteric liquid crystal doped with resonant dye molecules.

[The role of laboratory biomarkers in monitoring of rituximab biosimilar therapy (Acellbia, "BIOCAD") in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Aim: to evaluate the role of laboratory biomarkers in monitoring effectiveness of rituximab (RTM) biosimilar therapy in a total dose of 1200 mg.

Materials And Methods: 20 patients (pts) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (18 woman, mean age 61.5(54-66.

Regulatory T cells in patients with early untreated rheumatoid arthritis: Phenotypic changes in the course of methotrexate treatment.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequent systemic autoimmune disease characterized by excessive activation of collagen-specific T helper cells, and elevated level of autoantibodies in the serum. Development of RA is associated with defect in compartment of regulatory CD4+Foxp3+ T cells (Treg), but data concerning suppressive potential of Treg population in RA patients are contradictory and depend on the stage of disease. In this study we aimed to characterize abundance and phenotypic markers of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg in peripheral blood of healthy donors compared to untreated early RA patients to find potential correlations with the disease activity, antibody level, and absolute numbers and proportion of different subpopulations of T cells.

Association of polymorphisms of HLA-DRB1 and TNF-308 G/A with radiographic joint damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis with high inflammatory activity, treated according to the principle of "Treat to target" (REMARKA study).

Aim: To clarify the association between HLA-DRB1 and TNFα (-308G>A) genes polymorphism and joint destruction/further progression during 12 months of the follow-up period (FUP) in patients with early (<6 months), active, predominantly antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated according to "Treat to target" strategy.

Materials And Methods: The study included 85 patients with early RA and duration of symptoms <6 months. All patients were initially assigned to subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX) with rapid dose escalation to 20-25 mg/week.

Modulation of the expression of genes related to the system of amyloid-beta metabolism in the brain as a novel mechanism of ceftriaxone neuroprotective properties.

Background: The dominant hypothesis about the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the "amyloid cascade" concept and modulating the expression of proteins involved in the metabolism of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is proposed as an effective strategy for the prevention and therapy of AD. Recently, we found that an antibiotic ceftriaxone (CEF), which possesses neuroprotective activity, reduced cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative changes in OXYS rats, a model of sporadic AD. The molecular mechanisms of this effect are not completely clear, we suggested that the drug might serve as the regulator of the expression of the genes involved in the metabolism of Aβ and the pathogenesis of AD.

Variability of the Expression of Reference Genes in Samples of Human Olfactory Epithelium.

We analyzed variability of the expression of three reference genes in biopsy samples of the olfactory epithelium obtained from healthy volunteers. The expression of B2M, HPRT1, and CASC3 genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. The pairs of genes B2M-HPRT1 and B2M-CASC3 were found to possess minimum individual variability of expression and can be reliable candidates for the reference genes in analysis of gene expression in neural cells.

[Relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels and articular destructive changes in early and extended rheumatoid arthritis].

Aim: To estimate a relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels and articular radiographic changes in early and extended rheumatoid arthritis (RA); to analyze the role of this biomarker in predicting the progression of joint destruction in RA.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-five patients with early RA and 42 with extended RA were examined. Radiography of the hands and distal feet was performed before and one year after therapy.

[THE IDENTIFICATION OF SUB-POPULATIONS OF B-LYMPHOCYTES OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD USING TECHNIQUE OF FLOW CYTOFLUOROMETRY IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID DISEASES].

The study was carried out to apply technique of flow cytofluorometry for immunofenotyping of sub-populations of B-cells of peripheral blood in healthy persons and patients with rheumatoid diseases. The samples included 27 healthy donors, 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 9 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The peripheral blood of all participants was analyzed for relative number of CD19+B-cells, total population of memory B-cells (CD19+CD27+); unswitched (CD19+IgD+CD27+) and switched (CD19+IgD- CD27+) memory B-cells, naive (CD19+IgD+CD27-) and transitory (CD19+IgD+CD10+CD38++CD27-) B-cells, plasmablasts (CD19+CD38+++IgD-CD27+CD20+) and long-lived plasmatic cells (CD19+CD138+).

[The clinical informativeness of detection of antibodies to citrullinated proteins under rheumatoid arthritis].

The main diagnostic laboratory markers of rheumatoid arthritis are IgM rheumatoid factor and antibodies to citrullinated proteins. The IgM rheumatoid factor is a sensitive but insufficiently specific marker of rheumatoid arthritis. The antibodies to citrullinated proteins have a higher specificity for diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis.