Outcomes of Renal Transplantation in HIV-1 Associated Nephropathy.

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated that renal transplantation in HIV positive patients is both safe and effective. However, none of these studies have specifically examined outcomes in patients with HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN).

Methods: Medical records of all HIV-infected patients who underwent kidney transplantation at Johns Hopkins Hospital between September 2006 and January 2014 were reviewed.

Detubularised isolated ureterosigmoidostomy (Atta pouch): Manometric and radiological studies in a sample of patients.

Objectives: To assess whether the detubularised isolated ureterosigmoidostomy (DIUS) technique is safe for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy.

Patients And Methods: The study included 10 patients (mean age 61.8 years) with invasive bladder tumour, operated at the Alexandria University, Egypt.

Clinical evaluation of patients treated with a detubularised isolated ureterosigmoidostomy diversion after radical cystectomy.

Objectives: To assess the emptying pattern and patient satisfaction after constructing a detubularised isolated ureterosigmoidostomy (DIUS) following a cystectomy, introduced to overcome the poor outcome of conventional ureterosigmoidostomy, to improve the emptying pattern and accordingly patients' quality of life.

Patients And Methods: The study included 122 patients who were treated with a DIUS diversion after cystectomy. The minimum follow-up of the patients was 6 months.

Patterns of Kidney Function Before and After Orthotopic Liver Transplant: Associations With Length of Hospital Stay, Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease, and Mortality.

Background: In the context of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), renal dysfunction is used as a criterion for simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation. Changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) the year before and after OLT have not been well defined.

Methods: In a cohort of 416 OLT patients from 1996 to 2009, estimated GFR (eGFR) was assessed during the 12 months before OLT (period A), at time of OLT (period B), and the 12 months after OLT (period C).

Primary and secondary hyperoxaluria: Understanding the enigma.

Hyperoxaluria is characterized by an increased urinary excretion of oxalate. Primary and secondary hyperoxaluria are two distinct clinical expressions of hyperoxaluria. Primary hyperoxaluria is an inherited error of metabolism due to defective enzyme activity.

HIV and HCV Medications in End-Stage Renal Disease.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affect populations worldwide. With the availability of over 35 Food and Drug Administration approved medications for treatment of HIV, the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV has greatly improved. On the other hand, treatment options for HCV have been limited until very recently.

Artificial hydrogenases: biohybrid and supramolecular systems for catalytic hydrogen production or uptake.

There is an urgent need for cheap, abundant and efficient catalysts as an alternative to platinum for hydrogen production and oxidation in (photo)electrolyzers and fuel cells. Hydrogenases are attractive solutions. These enzymes use exclusively nickel and iron in their active sites and function with high catalytic rates at the thermodynamic equilibrium.

The clinical characteristics and pathological patterns of postinfectious glomerulonephritis in HIV-infected patients.

Background: Postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN), a form of immune complex GN, is not well-defined in HIV-infected patients. This study characterizes PIGN in this patients' population and determine the impact of histopathological patterns on renal outcome and mortality.

Methods: HIV-infected patients with PIGN from September 1998 to July 2013 were identified.

Clinical practice guideline for the management of chronic kidney disease in patients infected with HIV: 2014 update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

It is important to realize that guidelines cannot always account for individual variation among patients. They are not intended to supplant physician judgment with respect to particular patients or special clinical situations. IDSA considers adherence to these guidelines to be voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding their application to be made by the physician in the light of each patient's individual circumstances.

Bleaching technique effect on dentin permeability.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of bleaching techniques on dentin permeability. The hypothesis was that the bleaching agent associated or not to etching and/or energy source would be able to increase dentin permeability (conductance).

Methods: Fifty 1 mm-thick disks of mid-coronal dentin were obtained from human third molars, which were mounted in a filtration chamber, allowing exposure of a standardized area of 0.

Antiviral medications for the treatment of hepatitis B and C infection and their effects on kidney function.

Over the last decade, treatment options for chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection have markedly evolved. Several Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs are now available for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, including immunomodulators (standard and pegylated interferon alpha), nucleoside analogues (lamivudine, entecavir and telbivudine) and nucleotide analogues (adefovir dipivoxil and tenofovir). For hepatitis C, the FDA-approved therapies include peginterferon-α, ribavirin, boceprevir, telaprevir, simeprevir and sofosbuvir with expected approval of more agents in the foreseeable future.

Blood dendritic cell levels associated with impaired IL-12 production and T-cell deficiency in patients with kidney disease: implications for post-transplant viral infections.

Reduced pretransplant blood myeloid dendritic cell (mDC) levels are associated with post-transplant BK viremia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease after kidney transplantation. To elucidate potential mechanisms by which mDC levels might influence these outcomes, we studied the association of mDC levels with mDC IL-12 production and T-cell level/function. Peripheral blood (PB) was studied in three groups: (i) end stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis (HD; n = 81); (ii) chronic kidney disease stage IV-V patients presenting for kidney transplant evaluation or the day of transplantation (Eval/Tx; n = 323); and (iii) healthy controls (HC; n = 22).

TtcA a new tRNA-thioltransferase with an Fe-S cluster.

TtcA catalyzes the post-transcriptional thiolation of cytosine 32 in some tRNAs. The enzyme from Escherichia coli was homologously overexpressed in E. coli.

Enhancing growth and lipid production of marine microalgae for biodiesel production via the use of different LED wavelengths.

Wavelength of light is a crucial factor which renders microalgae as the potential biodiesel. In this study, Tetraselmis sp. and Nannochloropsis sp.

Predictors of HIV-associated nephropathy.

Renal disease accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is an important cause of end stage renal disease in this population. Although multiple genetic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics such as Apolipoproetin-1 genetic polymorphism, high viral load, low CD-4 count, nephrotic range proteinuria, and increased renal echogenicity on ultrasound are predictive of HIVAN, kidney biopsy remains the gold standard to make the definitive diagnosis.

American Society of Nephrology clinical pathological conference.

A 13-year-old girl presented with proteinuria and acute kidney failure. She was born at full term via cesarean delivery (due to nuchal cord), but there were no other prenatal or perinatal complications. In early childhood the patient had two hospitalizations at ages 4.

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection presenting as subacute small bowel obstruction following immunosuppressive chemotherapy for multiple myeloma.

We report the case of a 59-year-old Afro-Caribbean woman who presented with symptoms of anorexia, lethargy, abdominal distension and vomiting on the background of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, treated with one cycle of cyclophosphamide-thalidomide-dexamethasone chemotherapy 20 days previously. A diagnosis of subacute bowel obstruction was made; however, the aetiology of the obstruction remained elusive. Common electrolyte abnormalities were excluded and a midline laparotomy revealed minimal intra-abdominal adhesions.

HIV viremia and T-cell activation differentially affect the performance of glomerular filtration rate equations based on creatinine and cystatin C.

Background: Serum creatinine and cystatin C are used as markers of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The performance of these GFR markers relative to exogenously measured GFR (mGFR) in HIV-positive individuals is not well established.

Methods: We assessed the performance of the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equations based on serum concentrations of creatinine (eGFRcr), cystatin C (eGFRcys) and both biomarkers combined (eGFRcr-cys) in 187 HIV-positive and 98 HIV-negative participants.

Serum levels of cytokines and chemokines associated with cardiovascular disease in Brazilian patients treated with statins for dyslipidemia.

The anti-inflammatory effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) has been investigated in dyslipidemic patients treated with these pharmacologic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of cytokines and chemokines that have been associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in Brazilian patients treated for hypercholesterolemia with statin. The serum levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β, and the levels of the chemokines IL-8 (CXCL8) and MCP-1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and tested for their association with cardiovascular disease.

An EPR/HYSCORE, Mössbauer, and resonance Raman study of the hydrogenase maturation enzyme HydF: a model for N-coordination to [4Fe-4S] clusters.

The biosynthesis of the organometallic H cluster of [Fe-Fe] hydrogenase requires three accessory proteins, two of which (HydE and HydG) belong to the radical S-adenosylmethionine enzyme superfamily. The third, HydF, is an Fe-S protein with GTPase activity. The [4Fe-4S] cluster of HydF is bound to the polypeptide chain through only the three, conserved, cysteine residues present in the binding sequence motif CysXHisX(46-53)HisCysXXCys.

Intensity of blue LED light: a potential stimulus for biomass and lipid content in fresh water microalgae Chlorella vulgaris.

Light quality and the intensity are key factors which render microalgae as a potential source of biodiesel. In this study the effects of various intensities of blue light and its photoperiods on the growth and lipid content of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated by using LED (Light Emitting Diode) in batch culture. C.

Percutaneous silicon catheter insertion into the inferior vena cava, following percutaneous nephrostomy exchange.

Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) has been widely used to drain an infected, obstructed kidney. Few major complications have been associated with it. Few publications have reported the misplacement of nephrostomy tube into the inferior vena cava (IVC), following percutaneous nephrolithotomy.