TP53INP2-dependent activation of muscle autophagy ameliorates sarcopenia and promotes healthy aging.

Sarcopenia is a major contributor to disability in older adults, and thus, it is key to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its development. Increasing evidence suggests that impaired macroautophagy/autophagy contributes to the development of sarcopenia. However, the mechanisms leading to reduced autophagy during aging remain largely unexplored, and whether autophagy activation protects from sarcopenia has not been fully addressed.

Enamel growth rate variation of inner, mid, and outer enamel regions between select permanent tooth types across five temporally distinct British samples.

Objective: This study explored differences in the regional daily growth rates of human enamel between tooth types across a temporal transect in Britain.

Methods: Upper permanent central incisors (n = 81), upper permanent canines (n = 69), and upper and lower permanent first molars (n = 115) from Roman, Pre-Medieval, Medieval, and Modern day populations were analysed using histological methods. Daily secretion rates (DSRs) were collected for inner, mid, and outer regions of cuspal and lateral enamel for each tooth type and temporal sample.

Coordination of mitochondrial and lysosomal homeostasis mitigates inflammation and muscle atrophy during aging.

Sarcopenia is one of the main factors contributing to the disability of aged people. Among the possible molecular determinants of sarcopenia, increasing evidences suggest that chronic inflammation contributes to its development. However, a key unresolved question is the nature of the factors that drive inflammation during aging and that participate in the development of sarcopenia.

Enamel growth rates of anterior teeth in males and females from modern and ancient British populations.

Objective: This study explored biological sex differences in the regional daily growth rates of human anterior enamel from modern and ancient populations in Britain.

Methods: Maxillary permanent incisors (n = 80) and canines (n = 69) from Roman, Anglo-Saxon, Medieval, and Modern day populations were analyzed using histological methods. Daily secretion rates (DSRs) were collected for inner, mid, and outer regions of cuspal and lateral enamel.

Enamel thickness and growth rates in modern human permanent first molars over a 2000 year period in Britain.

Objectives: This study explores variation and trends in first molar enamel thickness and daily enamel secretion rates over a 2000 year period in Britain.

Methods: Permanent first molars (n = 89) from the Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Medieval periods, as well as modern-day Britain, were analyzed using standard histological methods. Relative enamel thickness (RET) and linear measurements of cuspal and lateral thickness were calculated for mesial cusps.

A new multivariate method for determining sex of immature human remains using the maxillary first molar.

Objectives: This study investigated the use of sexually dimorphic metrics of the first permanent maxillary molar (M ) to determine sex in adult and immature individuals within and between populations.

Methods: Ten M dimensions were measured in 91 adults (19-55 years) and 58 immatures (5-18 years) from two English populations, one of documented sex (Spitalfields crypt) and another of morphologically-assigned sex (Black Gate). Preliminary statistical analysis was undertaken to explore bilateral differences and variation by age and sex, followed by multivariate analyses to predict sex from dental metrics.

Newborn Safety Bundle to Prevent Falls and Promote Safe Sleep.

Purpose: At our Baby-Friendly USA hospital, with at least 80% of mothers breastfeeding and rooming-in, it is not uncommon for mothers to fall asleep in their hospital bed while feeding. The aim of this study was to develop a newborn infant safety bundle and evaluate its efficacy in helping reduce unsafe sleep situations while simultaneously preventing newborn falls.

Study Design And Method: Data were collected in March 2015 using an infant at risk-to-fall instrument prior to nurses initiating the newborn infant safety bundle.

NICU nurses' knowledge and discharge teaching related to infant sleep position and risk of SIDS.

Unlabelled: Infants requiring neonatal intensive care are often placed prone during their acute illness. After hospital discharge the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends supine sleep position to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Little is known about nursing knowledge and practice regarding best sleep positions for infants as they transition from neonatal intensive care to home.