Trends in psychological distress during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a population-based Costa Rican cohort study.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an increase of psychological distress. We hypothesized that the mental health of individuals has improved since the end of the pandemic.

Study Design: 1459 population-based participants of the RESPIRA cohort study (Costa Rica) METHODS: Psychological distress was measured at 6-month intervals using the Mental Health Inventory 5 (MHI-5) during the 2-year follow-up.

Leveraging DNA methylation to create Epigenetic Biomarker Proxies that inform clinical care: A new framework for Precision Medicine.

The lack of accurate, cost-effective, and clinically relevant biomarkers remains a major barrier to incorporating omic data into clinical practice. Previous studies have shown that DNA methylation algorithms have utility as surrogate measures for selected proteins and metabolites. We expand upon this work by creating DNAm surrogates, termed epigenetic biomarker proxies (EBPs), across clinical laboratories, the metabolome, and the proteome.

Public alignment with longevity biotechnology: an analysis of framing in surveys and opinion studies.

This article examines the framing and public perception of longevity biotechnology, or geroscience, which aims to extend both healthspan and lifespan by targeting the biological processes of aging. Although often seen as moving into the mainstream, questions remain about its ability to meet these ambitious goals, given the complexities of understanding and manipulating aging biology. Drawing on an analysis of qualitative studies and surveys conducted over the past two decades, this paper explores how public attitudes toward anti-aging science are framed, suggesting that studies often emphasize life extension over healthspan gains.

Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) landscape in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Delta-like Ligand 3 (DLL3) targeting therapies are promising in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment. However, DLL3 expression in SCLC and other neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) is heterogeneous and not well characterized. We describe the landscape of DLL3 at the mRNA and protein levels across SCLC, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and non-small cell lung cancer.

Leptin levels are associated with coronary artery calcification in patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Background: Convergent data suggest that advanced prostate cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD) share biological vulnerabilities that may be linked to adiposity. Here we explore whether leptin, as a marker and mediator of adiposity, could link prostate cancer to CHD.

Methods: Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in a phase II trial (NCT02703623) studying androgen deprivation therapy, abiraterone, prednisone, and apalutamide were eligible if they had plasma and a chest CT scan available.

Polyploid cancer cells reveal signatures of chemotherapy resistance.

Therapeutic resistance in cancer significantly contributes to mortality, with many patients eventually experiencing recurrence after initial treatment responses. Recent studies have identified therapy-resistant large polyploid cancer cells in patient tissues, particularly in late-stage prostate cancer, linking them to advanced disease and relapse. Here, we analyzed bone marrow aspirates from 44 advanced prostate cancer patients and found the presence of CTC-IGC was significantly associated with poorer progression-free survival.

Association of a DASH diet and magnetoencephalography in dementia-free adults with different risk levels of Alzheimer's disease.

This study explored how adherence to the DASH diet relates to electrophysiological measures in individuals at varying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk due to family history (FH). There were 179 dementia-free subjects. DASH index was calculated, and participants were classified into different DASH adherence groups.

Body composition in recurrent prostate cancer and the role of steroidogenic genotype.

Hormone therapy (HT) to treat prostate cancer is reported to cause adverse changes in body composition. Clinically, interpatient body composition changes are heterogeneous, but the biological and clinical determinants of body composition toxicity are unknown. Herein, we test the hypothesis that inherited polymorphisms in steroidogenic genes are associated with differential changes in body composition after HT.

[Dietary strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention].

The present review aims to provide specific dietary guidelines based on scientific evidence to prevent the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In general, a high daily consumption of plants based food (whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and nuts) is recommended compared to foods of animal origin, especially red and processed meats, moderate use of extra virgin olive oil as a culinary fat compared to other types of fats and oils, and low salt intake, especially from processed foods. Despite the scientific evidence and the nutritional education carried out in primary care, CVD continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide, which highlights the need to develop attractive and motivating approaches that enable the population to adhere definitively to healthy habits.

[Egg components involved in cognitive function].

Interest in the relationship between diet and cognitive function has increased in recent years. In this sense, eggs contain many essential nutrients that are also beneficial for cognitive function. Several studies have shown that moderate egg consumption not only does not increase cardiovascular risk but is positively associated with better cognitive performance and a lower risk of dementia.

[Evolution of critical nutrients (salt, sugars and saturated fats) in Spanish foods and beverages in the last 25 years].

Non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, etc.) are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 71 % of global deaths. The risk factors for all of them are closely linked to lifestyle and in particular to diet.

[Yogurt as a fermented food for healthy and sustainable daily consumption. Recommendations to the population].

Yogurt has been valued very positively for centuries, but the concern for food sustainability and the fact that it is a food of animal origin has raised doubts about the consumption that may be convenient. The objective of this work is to deepen the topic and establish recommendations for the population. From the nutritional point of view, yogurt is a valuable food, for its high content, quality and bioavailability of its nutrients, in a low energy content, its components together with probiotic microorganisms are provided in a matrix that helps achieve greater nutritional and health benefit.

Polyploid cancer cells reveal signatures of chemotherapy resistance.

Therapeutic resistance in cancer significantly contributes to mortality, with many patients eventually experiencing recurrence after initial treatment responses. Recent studies have identified therapy-resistant large polyploid cancer cells in patient tissues, particularly in late-stage prostate cancer, linking them to advanced disease and relapse. Here, we analyzed bone marrow aspirates from 44 advanced prostate cancer patients and found the presence of circulating tumor cells with increased genomic content (CTC-IGC) was significantly associated with poorer progression-free survival.

PCSK9 gene variations in the clinical setting of premature cardiovascular disease: A critical appraisal.

Introduction: Information about PCSK9 gene variations and its association with cardiovascular (CV) disease is controversial. We aimed to evaluate 3 reported polymorphisms in PSCK9 in a cohort of young patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI).

Methods: Retrospective study of consecutive patients with premature STEMI (2018-2023).

Body composition as a determinant of the therapeutic index with androgen signaling inhibition.

Background: Androgen signaling is central to prostate cancer and men's health. Prior data indicates that increasing body fat is unfavorable in the localized setting yet associated with favorable outcomes in men with metastatic disease. Understanding the biological links between adiposity and prostate cancer may optimize the therapeutic index with ASI.