Improving productivity of citramalate from CO by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 through design of experiment.

Background: Cyanobacteria have long been suggested as an industrial chassis for the conversion of carbon dioxide to products as part of a circular bioeconomy. The slow growth, carbon fixation rates, and limits of carbon partitioning between biomass and product in cyanobacteria must be overcome to fully realise this industrial potential. Typically, flux towards heterologous pathways is limited by the availability of core metabolites.

Generating evidence to inform responsive and effective actions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health and well-being: a mix method protocol for evidence integration 'the .

Background: Australia does not have a national strategy for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescent health and as a result, policy and programming actions are fragmented and may not be responsive to needs. Efforts to date have also rarely engaged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in co-designing solutions. The Roadmap Project aims to work in partnership with young people to define priority areas of health and well-being need and establish the corresponding developmentally appropriate, evidence-based actions.

Pursuing Impactful Quantitative Proteomics Using QC-Channels in Every Spectrum and Trend-Design in Experiment.

False changes discovered by quantitative proteomics reduce the trust of biologists in proteomics and limit the applications of proteomics to unlock biological mechanisms, which suppresses the application of proteomics techniques in the pharmaceutical industry more than it does in academic research. To remove false changes that arise during LC-MS/MS data acquisition, we evaluated the contributions of peptide abundance and number of unique peptides on reproducibility. Lower abundance and only one unique peptide have a higher risk of generating a higher coefficient of variation (CV), resulting in less accurate quantification.

Field study examining the mucosal microbiome in equine glandular gastric disease.

Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is a common disease among athletic horses that can negatively impact health and performance. The pathophysiology of this EGGD remains poorly understood. Previous studies using controlled populations of horses identified differences in the gastric glandular mucosal microbiome associated with disease.

Characterization of gastrointestinal inflammatory cell type in equine glandular gastric disease.

Objective: To compare small intestinal inflammation with gastric inflammation in horses with and without equine gastric glandular disease (EGGD), we evaluated endoscopic, macroscopic, and microscopic findings of the glandular stomach and microscopic findings of the small intestine.

Animals: 36 horses.

Methods: Horses underwent endoscopy and were scored for EGGD.

Outcomes of TB contact tracing and predictors of success: a 10-year retrospective cohort analysis in Birmingham, UK.

Contacts of TB cases in Birmingham and Solihull, UK, are offered screening for TB infection. Between 1990 and 2010, only 59.1% of contacts completed screening.

Effects of Bit Chewing on Gastric Emptying, Small Intestinal Transit, and Orocecal Transit Times in Clinically Normal Horses.

Ileus is a common life-threatening problem in horses, and currently available treatments may be ineffective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether bit chewing, a form of sham feeding, decreases the gastric emptying time (GET), small intestinal transit time (SITT), and total orocecal transit time (OCTT) in clinically normal horses in a prospective crossover study. Nine healthy horses were acclimated and fed a standardized diet.

Clinical evaluation of the Immulite® 1000 chemiluminescent immunoassay for measurement of equine serum insulin.

Introduction: Accurate quantitative analysis of equine insulin in blood samples is critical for assessing hyperinsulinemia in horses. Although there are various laboratory methods for evaluating equine serum insulin, different immunoassays show significant discrepancies between the determined insulin concentrations and are often not comparable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Immulite® 1000 chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) to establish independent laboratory and assay-specific cut values to provide an accurate diagnosis of hyperinsulinemia in horses.

Agmatine Administration Effects on Equine Gastric Ulceration and Lameness.

Osteoarthritis (OA) accounts for up to 60% of equine lameness. Agmatine, a decarboxylated arginine, may be a viable option for OA management, based on reports of its analgesic properties. Six adult thoroughbred horses, with lameness attributable to thoracic limb OA, received either daily oral phenylbutazone (6.

Testing the Limit: Evaluating Drinking Water Arsenic Regulatory Levels Based on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Bangladesh.

(1) Background: Arsenic (As) is a common drinking water contaminant that is regulated as a carcinogen. Yet, As is a systemic toxicant and there is considerable epidemiological data showing As adversely impacts reproductive health. This study used data from a birth cohort in Bangladesh (2008−2011) to examine associations between drinking water As levels and reproductive outcomes.

Dietary and management factors influence the equine gastric microbiome.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship of diet and management factors with the glandular gastric mucosal microbiome. We hypothesize that the gastric mucosal microbial community is influenced by diet and management factors. Our specific objective is to characterize the gastric mucosal microbiome in relation to these factors.

Analysis of Factors Historically Affecting Innovation in Hospital Building Design.

Purpose: This article aims to complement the historical literature on the evolution of hospital buildings via a holistic analysis of the contextual factors triggering hospital design innovation over the past 100 years.

Background: Innovation in hospital building design should be considered as a complex ecosystem with a heterogeneous set of actors.

Methods: A novel hybrid research design to the Mixed Grounded Theory methodology, with Charmaz's constructivist paradigm, was developed to explore, construct, and interpret concepts and the interconnections between them.

Effects of a Supplement Containing Cannabidiol (CBD) on Sedation and Ataxia Scores and Health.

Supplements containing Cannabidiol (CBD) are available for horses, however, few studies have been published on their effects on behavior and health parameters. The purpose of this study was to determine if a daily oral supplement containing CBD would cause sedation, ataxia or alterations in other health parameters during administration for 56 days. Twenty clinically healthy adult Thoroughbred horses were housed in stalls.

A prospective study of arsenic and manganese exposures and maternal blood pressure during gestation.

Background: Pregnancy is a sensitive time for maternal cardiovascular functioning and exposures to arsenic or manganese may adversely affect blood pressure (BP).

Objectives: This study examined the associations between arsenic and manganese exposures and maternal BP measured during pregnancy. Effect modification by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was evaluated.

Development of a TaqMan Allelic Discrimination qPCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Equine Allelic Variants Associated With the Establishment of Long-Term Equine Arteritis Virus Carrier State in Stallions.

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a respiratory, systemic, and reproductive disease of equids. Following natural infection, up to 70% of the infected stallions can remain persistently infected over 1 year (long-term persistent infection [LTPI]) and shed EAV in their semen. Thus, the LTP-infected stallions play a pivotal role in maintaining and perpetuating EAV in the equine population.

The effects of bit chewing on borborygmi, duodenal motility, and gastrointestinal transit time in clinically normal horses.

Objective: To determine the influence of bit chewing on gastrointestinal transit in clinically normal horses.

Study Design: Prospective crossover designed study.

Animals: Six healthy adult horses.

Horses affected by EPM have increased sCD14 compared to healthy horses.

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a debilitating neurologic disease affecting horses across the Americas. Gaps in understanding the inflammatory immune response in EPM-affected horses create difficulties with diagnosis and treatment, subsequently negatively impacting the prognosis of affected horses. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate circulating levels of the inflammatory immune marker soluble CD14 (sCD14), in horses with EPM (n = 7) and determine if they differed from healthy neurologically normal horses (n = 6).

Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: comparison to pre-pandemic data.

The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant risks to population mental health. Despite evidence of detrimental effects for adults, there has been limited examination of the impact of COVID-19 on parents and children specifically. We aim to examine patterns of parent and child (0-18 years) mental health, parent substance use, couple conflict, parenting practices, and family functioning during COVID-19, compared to pre-pandemic data, and to identify families most at risk of poor outcomes according to pre-existing demographic and individual factors, and COVID-19 stressors.

Gastric microbiome in horses with and without equine glandular gastric disease.

Background: The role of the gastric microbiome in development or persistence of equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) remains to be investigated.

Hypothesis/objectives: The objective was to characterize the glandular mucosal and gastric fluid microbiomes of horses with and without EGGD. It was hypothesized that differences in the mucosal microbiome are associated with EGGD.

Prospective Clinical Evaluation of Intra-Articular Injection of Tin-117m (Sn) Radiosynoviorthesis Agent for Management of Naturally Occurring Elbow Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effects of an intra-articular injection of Sn-colloid for management of canine grade 1 or 2 elbow osteoarthritis (OA).

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective study in 23 dogs with grade 1 or 2 elbow OA. An orthopedic examination and elbow radiographs were performed to confirm the presence of OA.

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations and hepatitis B antibody serology in the United States (NHANES, 2003-2014).

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental contaminants that are hepatotoxic and immunotoxic. PAH exposure may modulate hepatitis B immunology.

Objective: We used data from 6 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2014) to evaluate the associations between urinary PAH metabolites and hepatitis B serology.

The Effect of a Seaweed-Derived Calcium Supplement on Gastric Juice pH in the Horse.

Low gastric pH for extended periods of time can increase the risk of gastric ulceration in horses. Therefore, nutritional interventions that buffer stomach acid may be helpful to decrease ulcer risk. The objective of this trial was to evaluate whether the incorporation of calcified Lithothamnion corallioides and Phymatolithon calcareum (Calmin; Celtic Sea Minerals, Cork, Ireland) into an equine ration would buffer equine gastric juice.

Impact of concurrent treatment with omeprazole on phenylbutazone-induced equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS).

Background: Phenylbutazone is commonly prescribed for treatment of various painful or inflammatory disorders in horses, but is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. Anecdotally, many practitioners prescribe omeprazole concurrently with phenylbutazone to reduce development of equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS), but the efficacy and safety of this practice remains unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of omeprazole on phenylbutazone-induced equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) and equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD).