Supratentorial cerebral arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in children: review of 41 cases with 63 non choroidal single-hole AVFs.

Purpose: In this article we explore the various aspects of the supratentorial Single-Hole AVFs (ST AVFs) in children, focusing on their clinical features, angio-architecture, treatment indications and the role and results of endovascular management.

Materials And Methods: Among 1565 cases of brain AVMs seen at our neurovascular center, 620 cases were seen in the pediatric age group ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

"Duplicated" or "multiple" cervical internal carotid and vertebral arteries from fenestration, duplication and vasa vasorum to segmental rete.

The appearance of multiple cervical arteries may be due to a variety of anatomic situations. Arterial fenestrations and duplications have different anatomic origins, with distinct appearances on angiography. They are associated with incomplete segmental development.

Physiological and morphological responses of the soil bacterium Rhodococcus opacus strain PD630 to water stress.

Rhodococcus opacus PD630 was investigated for physiological and morphological changes under water stress challenge. Gluconate- and hexadecane-grown cells were extremely resistant to these conditions, and survival accounted for up to 300 and 400 days; respectively, when they were subjected to slow air-drying. Results of this study suggest that strain PD630 has specific mechanisms to withstand water stress.

[Histopathological changes at the surgical site in experimental animals following partial cricoid resection and thyrotracheal anastomosis].

Objective: To study in an animal model the local healing process after partial cricoid resection with thyrotracheal anastomosis.

Material And Methods: Partial cricoid resection with thyrotracheal anastomosis was performed in 17 New Zealand rabbits. Experimental animals were gradually sacrificed and the laryngotracheal complex was removed to proceed to a histopathological study.

Posterior cranial fossa single-hole arteriovenous fistulae in children: 14 consecutive cases.

We report 14 consecutive children with 23 posterior cranial fossa arteriovenous fistula (AVF); six had multifocal lesions, involving the supratentorial brain in three and the spinal cord in one. There were two boys and four girls with a family history compatible with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. The diagnosis was made in infancy in eight cases and in a further six before the age of 12 years; mean age at diagnosis was 3.

Bilateral segmental regression of the carotid and vertebral arteries with rete compensation in a Western patient.

We report a case of symptomatic symmetrical, bilateral absence of the cavernous internal carotid (ICA) and transdural vertebral artery (VA) segments with formation of a rete mirabile. There have been similar reports in Asian patients; ours is the first in the Western population. A 29- year-old woman presented with recurrent temporary blindness and an episode of minor subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia Cerebrospinal Localization in Adults and Children. Review of 39 cases.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVM) can be associated with Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), a dominantly inherited vascular disorder with variable penetrance and expressivity. The presentation and angiographic features were analysed retrospectively. The purpose is to point to special groups of AVM patients within the overall CAVMs and to discuss the issue of screening.

Angio-architecture of spinal cord arteriovenous shunts at presentation. Clinical correlations in adults and children. The Bicêtre experience on 155 consecutive patients seen between 1981-1999.

Objective: To analyse possible relationships between the symptoms and signs created by intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts (SCAVSs) and their angio-architecture.

Methods: The clinical and radiological files of 155 patients, both adults and children, seen between 1981 and 1999 with a SCAVS were retrospectively reviewed. SCAVSs were divided into nidus type (small superficial or large intramedullary), and fistulas (micro (mAVFs)- or macrofistulas (MAVFs)).

PHACES syndrome: a review of eight previously unreported cases with late arterial occlusions.

PHACE and PHACES are acronyms for a syndrome of variable expression comprising posterior cranial fossa malformations, facial haemangiomas, arterial anomalies, aortic coarctation and other cardiac disorders, ocular abnormalities and stenotic arterial disease. We review five girls and three boys aged 1 month-14 years with disorders from this spectrum. Six had large facial haemangiomas but recent reports suggest that small haemangiomas may occur; hence our inclusion of two possible cases.

Addition of ultralow dose naloxone to postoperative morphine PCA: unchanged analgesia and opioid requirement but decreased incidence of opioid side effects.

Ultralow doses of naloxone (0.001-0.1 microg/kg) produce analgesia in animal models.

Dural Sinus Malformations (DSM) with Giant Lakes, in Neonates and Infants. Review of 30 Consecutive Cases.

Unlabelled: Abstract: Background and Purpose. Dural Arteriovenous Shunt (DAVS) in children include Dural sinus malformation (DSM), infantile and adult types. They are rare and seldom reported.

Double internal carotid origin of the ophthalmic artery with ruptured aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery. A case report.

We report a case of double origin of the ophthalmic artery from the carotid siphon. The persistence of the primitive dorsal ophthalmic artery, together with a ventral ophthalmic artery, constitutes the double origin of the ophthalmic artery. Remnant of intraorbital anastomoses formed by these two arteries is demonstrated.

Secondary spontaneous thrombosis of a giant aneurysm located distally on a feeding artery after embolization of an associated arteriovenous malformation.

Giant aneurysm located in the distal part of the feeding artery associated with a cerebral arteriovenous malformation is rare and the treatment is clinically challenging. We report the spontaneous and complete thrombosis of a flow-related giant aneurysm immediate up-stream to a cerebral arteriovenous malformation by embolization of that malformation alone in a patient presenting with complex partial seizure and no history of intracranial haemorrhage. We obviated the need to directly intervene on the giant aneurysm, thus reducing unnecessary procedure related risks to the patient.

Management of a direct carotid cavernous fistula caused by rupture of a cavernous aneurysm previously embolized with coils.

The development of a high-flow carotid-cavernous fistula from the rupture of a large cavernous aneurysm successfully embolized by coils is rare. A 50-year-old male patient developed a high-flow carotid-cavernous fistula 48 hours after successful coiling of a large left cavernous aneurysm, presumably due to rupture of a focal dissection at or close to the neck of the aneurysm. He initially responded to daily selfcompression of the left common carotid artery, but the fistula recurred.

Treatment of carotid cavernous fistula secondary to rupture of a giant intracavernous carotid aneurysm. Transarterial coiling of aneurysm and carotid compression. A case report.

Carotid cavernous fistula secondary to ruptured giant intracavernous aneurysm of the internal carotid artery is rare.We report a case of direct carotid cavernous fistula secondary to rupture of a giant intracavernous ICA aneurysm. The presence of mirror or twin aneurysms of bilateral ophthalmic arteries raises therapeutic challenge.

A strain isolated from gas oil-contaminated soil displays chemotaxis towards gas oil and hexadecane.

In this report we describe the isolation of a strain from soil contaminated with gas oil by taking bacteria from a chemotactic ring on gas oil-containing soft agar plates. Partial 16 S rDNA sequencing of the isolated strain showed 99.1% identity with Flavimonas oryzihabitans.

Craniofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome (CAMS) 3--a transitional pattern between CAM 1 and 2 and spinal arteriovenous metameric syndromes.

We report a rare case of craniofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome (CAMS) 3 arteriovenous malformations of the mandible, left VIII nerve and petrous bone. The patient, a 19-year-old girl, presented with profuse gingival bleeding during a dental procedure and we diagnosed CAMS 3 during a pre-embolisation angiogram. The distribution of the vascular lesions suggests that CAMS 3 is intermediate CAMS 1 and 2 and spinal arteriovenous metameric syndrome (SAMS).

Multifocal cerebral venous malformations and associated developmental venous anomalies in a case of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome.

We report a sporadic case of probable BRBN (blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome) with multiple CNS (central nervous system) involvement. These features consisted of multiple VMs (venous malformations) and DVAs (developmental venous anomalies) in supratentorial brain, cerebellum, and diencephalon. Since its first description by Bean, there have been many cases of BRBN manifesting with gastrointestinal bleeding with or without associated hemorrhage.

Embolization of spinal cord arteriovenous shunts: morphological and clinical follow-up and results--review of 69 consecutive cases.

Objective: We sought to analyze the results of embolization in patients with intradural spinal cord arteriovenous shunts.

Methods: The clinical and radiological files of 69 of a population of 155 patients treated with embolization between 1981 and 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients' clinical status was evaluated according to Karnofsky Performance Scale score.

MR Perfusion Imaging in a Case of a Vein of Galen Malformation with Secondary Capillary Angioectasia.

Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformations (VAGMs) are uncommon vascular malformations associated with dilatation of the vein of Galen embryonic forerunner with single or multiple direct arteriovenous fistulas within its wall without direct reflux into normal cerebral veins. We describe a patient with a late neurological onset presenting a classic VGAM complicated by secondary thalamic capillary angioectasia imaged with MR perfusion. In our patient, abnormal MR perfusion parameters were not seen on conventional MRI; they probably reflect underlying venous hypertension.

Homoleptic group 12 metal bis(mercaptoimidazolyl)borate complexes M(Bm(R))2 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg).

The sodium salt of the bis(2-mercapto-1-methylimidazolyl)borate anion [Bm(Me)](-) and those of the new bis(2-mercapto-1-alkylimidazolyl)borates [Bm(R)](-) (R = Bz, Bu(t), p-Tol) have been readily obtained from NaBH(4) and the appropriate 2-mercapto-1-alkylimidazoles. To contrast the binding preferences of the group 12 metals in a sulfur-rich environment, the four complete series of homoleptic complexes M[Bm(R)](2) (M = Zn, Cd, Hg), including the first bis(mercaptoimidazolyl)borate derivatives of cadmium and mercury, have been prepared. X-ray diffraction studies of Cd[Bm(Me)](2) and M[Bm(tBu)](2) (M = Zn, Cd, Hg) show the presence of distorted tetrahedral [MS(4)] central cores supplemented by two weak vicinal M.

Growing dural sinus malformation with associated developmental venous anomaly, multiple cavernomas and facial venous malformation in an infant. An associated disease or a disease spectrum?

This is an unusual case report of an infant, who initially presented with a facial haemangioma and was later diagnosed to have a dural sinus malformation (DSM) involving the torcula. The DSM increased in size lateralising to the right transverse sinus at three months of age. Postnatal enlargement of the dural sinus has not been described before suggesting a delay in the maturation of the dural sinus which normally would occur antenatally.

5-year Angiographic and Clinical Follow-up of Coil-embolised Intradural Saccular Aneurysms. A Single Center Experience.

The purpose of the paper is the follow-up of embolised intradural saccular Arterial Aneurysms (AA), excluding giant, dissecting, inflammatory, fusiform or AA associated to BVAM. Since its introduction in 1991, the Guglielmi Detachable Coil has offered protection against aneurysmal rebleeding in the critical few days and months after SAH regardless of the grade. A number of questions remain: is complete angiographic obliteration necessary at first embolisation? What duration of clinical / angiographic follow-up (FU) is required to ensure the risk of haemorrhage has been eliminated? What is the long-term protection against rebleeding? One hundred and two patients with 160 intradural saccular AA embolised before april 1997 were selected for this study.

Triacylglycerols in prokaryotic microorganisms.

Triacylglycerols (TAG) are fatty acid triesters of glycerol; there are diverse types of TAG with different properties depending on their fatty acid composition. The occurrence of TAG as reserve compounds is widespread among eukaryotic organisms such as yeast, fungi, plants and animals, whereas occurrence of TAG in bacteria has only rarely been described. However, accumulation of TAG seems to be widespread among bacteria belonging to the actinomycetes group, such as species of Mycobacterium, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus and Nocardia.