Single-bundle versus double-bundle ACL reconstructions in isolation and in conjunction with extra-articular iliotibial band tenodesis.

Background: Intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been the primary treatment option for isolated ACL injuries for many years. An anatomic double-bundle reconstruction has been devised in an effort to improve rotational control. The role of the extra-articular iliotibial band tenodesis in ACL injuries has evolved from primary treatment, to an adjuvant secondary procedure, to being used more selectively in revision ACL reconstructions.

Southwick-Fulkerson Osteotomy with intraoperative femoral nerve guidance.

Background: Patellofemoral instability is a complex problem with most previous treatment plans addressing static alignment and static stabilizers. Although the quadriceps muscles are known to affect the tracking of the patella, they are rarely taken into account during a surgical procedure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the two year minimum results of 37 knees which received a Southwick-Fulkerson Osteotomy and MPFL repair or reconstruction both under the guidance of femoral nerve stimulation.

A clinical and radiographic approach for establishing proper tibial tubercle transfer when using quad active femoral nerve stimulation.

Background: The tibial tubercle-trochlear groove measurement (TT-TG), which measures the lateral offset of the tibial tubercle relative to the trochlear groove of the femur, has been utilized as an intraoperative tool to help establish maximum patellofemoral congruency in patients who suffer from patellar instability. We have previously published our approach of establishing how far to transfer the tibial tubercle using intraoperative femoral nerve stimulation in order to achieve congruency from 0-30° of flexion. The technique and clinical outcomes have previously been published in this journal and elsewhere.

Arthroscopic validation of the clinical exam for the detection of the symptomatic synovial-plical complex by relief from surgical excision.

Purpose: The goal is to introduce a reproducible exam technique that allows clinical diagnosis of symptomatic plical bands and associated synovium about the knee. We then aimed to assess the accuracy of the exam technique through arthroscopic confirmation of these tissues. Lastly, we hope to determine whether arthroscopic plicectomy and partial synovectomy is an effective treatment for alleviating the pain associated with symptomatic plica.

Femoral tunnel placement in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.

Introduction: Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is an accepted treatment for recurrent patellofemoral instability when patients have normal alignment and deficient proximal medial restraints. There are several reports of malpositioned femoral tunnels leading to poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze femoral tunnel placement after MPFL reconstruction and correlate this with outcomes.

Synergism between obesity and poor oral health associated with diabetes in an elderly human population.

We investigated associations between type 2 diabetes (DM) and several variables, including poor oral health and overweight/obesity, among a group of elderly Hmong subjects (60 years and older) who emigrated to the United States following the Vietnam conflict. Each subject was interviewed and their weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Each subject had an oral health examination.

Double-bundle ACL reconstruction: novice surgeons utilizing computer-assisted navigation versus experienced surgeons.

Purpose: Anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction presents a unique technical challenge for surgeons, requiring precise placement of multiple tunnels in a relatively small area. As the necessity of anatomic reconstruction has been stressed throughout the literature, developing a method to consistently improve the accuracy and precision of tunnel placement is essential. We aimed to investigate whether computer-assisted navigation allows novice surgeons to place double-bundle ACL tunnels with a similar degree of accuracy to experienced surgeons operating without computer assistance.

Gobichelin A and B: Mixed-Ligand Siderophores Discovered Using Proteomics.

"Omic" strategies have been increasingly applied to natural product discovery processes, with (meta-)genome sequencing and mining implemented in many laboratories to date. Using the proteomics-based discovery platform called PrISM (Proteomic Investigation of Secondary Metabolism), we discovered two new siderophores gobichelin A and B from Streptomyces sp. NRRL F-4415, a strain without a sequenced genome.

"Don't tell him you have HIV unless he's 'the one'": romantic relationships among adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV infection.

Individuals with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) are surviving into young adulthood. Previous literature has explored the sexual behavior of those with PHIV. However, their perspectives on navigating romantic relationships are not well understood.

Protein diffusiophoresis and salt osmotic diffusion in aqueous solutions.

Diffusion of a solute can be induced by the concentration gradient of another solute in solution. This transport mechanism is known as cross-diffusion. We have investigated cross-diffusion in a ternary protein-salt-water system.

Reproductive health decision-making in perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults.

With widespread access to antiretroviral therapy in the United States, many perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) children are surviving into adolescence and adulthood, becoming sexually active and making decisions about their reproductive health. The literature focusing on the reproductive decisions of individuals behaviorally infected with HIV can serve as a springboard for understanding the decision-making process of PHIV+ youth. Yet, there are many differences that critically distinguish reproductive health and related decision-making of PHIV+ youth.

Peripheral nerve blocks and incidence of post-operative neurogenic complaints and pain scores.

Background: Peripheral nerve blocks (PNB) are a common adjuvant for anesthesia. There is little orthopedic literature regarding the incidence of neurogenic complaints and quality of pain control.

Methods: We instituted a questionnaire to post-operative patients who would have potentially received a PNB at a single institution between 2008 and 2009 and asked them to rate their pain on a standardized pain scale at several points in the post-operative period.

Detecting ketamine in beverage residues: Application in date rape detection.

Ketamine can be used to facilitate date-rape when unknowingly spiked into a victim's beverage. If a biological sample is not available from the victim, the beverage container might be the only remaining source of forensic evidence. We present a rapid, simple analysis method for the detection of ketamine in wet or dry beverage residues based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

The value of physical examination in conjunction with a survey for identifying youth pitchers with arm pain.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening survey in identifying injuries in youth baseball pitchers. It is hypothesized that a standalone survey is unlikely to give a complete picture and that an additional physical examination is necessary to identify all injuries.

Methods: Seventy-seven youth baseball players who pitched in the last 12 months completed the survey.

Quantifying the effects of extensor mechanism medializatlon procedures using MRI: a cadaver-based study.

Background: Patellofemoral joint kinematics are dependent on a variety of anatomical features. One of the most common causes of patellar instability is malalignment of the quadriceps extensor mechanism. The Southwick-Fulkerson osteotomy focuses on correcting malalignment of the quadriceps extensor mechanism through medialization of the tibial tubercle.

The acute pulmonary inflammatory response to the graded severity of smoke inhalation injury.

Objectives: To determine whether the graded severity of smoke inhalation is reflected by the acute pulmonary inflammatory response to injury.

Design: In a prospective observational study, we assessed the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for both leukocyte differential and concentration of 28 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Results were then compared to the graded severity of inhalation injury as determined by Abbreviated Injury Score criteria (0, none; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe; 4, massive).

Early pulmonary immune hyporesponsiveness is associated with mortality after burn and smoke inhalation injury.

This prospective study aims to address mortality in the context of the early pulmonary immune response to burn and inhalation injury. The authors collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 60 burn patients within 14 hours of their injury when smoke inhalation was suspected. Clinical and laboratory parameters and immune mediator profiles were compared with patient outcomes.

Psychiatrist characteristics that influence use of buprenorphine medication-assisted treatment.

Objectives: : Since 2003, a new form of treatment for opioid dependence (OD), called buprenorphine medication-assisted treatment (B-MAT), has become increasingly available in the United States. The purpose of this study was to measure self-reported psychiatrists' practice patterns, personal and professional characteristics, and psychiatrists' barriers to treating OD patients with office-based opioid therapy.

Methods: : Managed care network psychiatrists waivered to prescribe buprenorphine for treating OD were surveyed (N = 294) about specific skills and barriers to increasing the number of OD patients treated with B-MAT.

Laryngotracheal separation surgery for intractable aspiration: our experience with 12 patients.

Objective: Laryngotracheal separation surgery (LTS) was performed as a treatment for recurrent or intractable aspiration pneumonia in 12 pediatric patients. The effectiveness of LTS surgery for preventing aspiration pneumonia, and the complications of this procedure were investigated.

Methods: A retrospective chart review, conducted at a tertiary academic hospital in conjunction with a private practice, was used to identify children who underwent Laryngotracheal Separation Surgery (LTS) from September 2001 to July 2007.

Postcricoid vascular lesions: histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Postcricoid vascular lesions are a rare cause of dysphagia and stridor in the pediatric population. Currently, there is no clear consensus on what type of vascular lesions are common in the postcricoid area because adequate histological or immunohistochemistry studies are lacking. This study aimed to describe the histology and immunohistochemistry of postcricoid masses in our institutions' experience, and consolidate available data on the symptoms, management, and histology of these unusual malformations with a comprehensive literature review.

Interactions of overweight, poor oral health, and stress related to chronic disease in an aging population.

The prevalence of excess body mass (XBM), poor oral health (POH), and stress in a secluded population of aged (≥60 years) Hmong immigrants was surveyed. The findings were related to the prevalence of diabetes in the same population. Diabetes was associated separately with POH (OR 2.

Outcomes of extra-articular, intra-epiphyseal drilling for osteochondritis dissecans of the knee.

Background: When conservative management fails to heal femoral condyle osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions in a child, then drilling of the subchondral plate below the lesion to stimulate healing may be beneficial. This study reviews the outcomes of extra-articular, intraepiphyseal drilling of OCD lesions of the knee with intact articular cartilage.

Methods: Over an 8-year period, all children, who failed at least 6 months of nonoperative management, underwent arthroscopic knee surgery and extra-articular, intra-epiphyseal drilling for their symptomatic, nondisplaced femoral condyle OCD lesions.