Impact of tongue base mucosectomy on quality-of-life outcomes: systematic review and single-centre experience.

Purpose: Tongue base mucosectomy (TBM) is a well-established procedure in investigating cervical squamous cell carcinoma of occult primary. However, its risks have not been balanced against its benefits with validated tools.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted for reported complications and quality-of-life outcomes following TBM.

Cultural Tailoring and Targeting of Messages: A Systematic Literature Review.

Cultural targeting and tailoring are different, yet they remain intertwined in the literature inhibiting theory development and limiting the possibility of determining their effects. This preregistered systematic literature review describes these constructs and provides a framework for cultural tailoring with evidence from a review of 63 studies, published from 2010 to 2020, to characterize the processes, elements, and theories used in the existing literature. The results show that 86% of studies self-defined as cultural tailoring, but coding revealed relatively few tailoring studies (25%) with 31% including both tailoring and targeting elements.

Challenges and Opportunities in the Elective Management of Diverticulitis: Perspectives From a National Sample of Colorectal Surgeons.

Background: Diverticulitis is a complex, heterogeneous disease process that affects a diverse population of patients. In the elective management of this disease, treatment guidelines have shifted toward patient-centered, individualized decision-making. It is not known what challenges surgeons face as they approach these nuanced treatment decisions in practice.

Thriving as a Surgical Intern: Three Tips From the Collaboration of Surgical Education Fellows (CoSEF).

We are the multi-institutional organization known as the Collaboration of Surgical Education Fellows (CoSEF). We've collectively reflected on our range of experiences across the country and identified 3 principles which promote a successful intern experience: (1) Own your patients; (2) Treat people like people; and (3) Take care of yourself.

Radionuclide biogeochemistry: from bioremediation toward the treatment of aqueous radioactive effluents.

Civilian and military nuclear programs of several nations over more than 70 years have led to significant quantities of heterogenous solid, organic, and aqueous radioactive wastes bearing actinides, fission products, and activation products. While many physicochemical treatments have been developed to remediate, decontaminate and reduce waste volumes, they can involve high costs (energy input, expensive sorbants, ion exchange resins, chemical reducing/precipitation agents) or can lead to further secondary waste forms. Microorganisms can directly influence radionuclide solubility, sorption, accumulation, precipitation, redox, and volatilization pathways, thus offering a more sustainable approach to remediation or effluent treatments.

Validating Confined Flame Noise Simulation Using External Sensor.

Advancements in lean premixed combustion have increased the efficiency and reduced the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, but they have led to increased noise emissions due to higher turbulence and mixing fluctuations. This study used an external sensor (microphone) to validate the simulation of the combustion noise of a confined space. An experimental facility with a laboratory-scale furnace was used to carry out the measurement, and the simulation of the confined flame noise was conducted in OpenFOAM.

HMG20B stabilizes association of LSD1 with GFI1 on chromatin to confer transcription repression and leukemia cell differentiation block.

Pharmacologic inhibition of LSD1 induces molecular and morphologic differentiation of blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients harboring MLL gene translocations. In addition to its demethylase activity, LSD1 has a critical scaffolding function at genomic sites occupied by the SNAG domain transcription repressor GFI1. Importantly, inhibitors block both enzymatic and scaffolding activities, in the latter case by disrupting the protein:protein interaction of GFI1 with LSD1.

Contemporary Unplanned Readmission Trends Following Management of Type B Aortic Dissection.

Purpose: Large studies have demonstrated improved survival outcomes with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) at two and five years compared to medical therapy; however, early TEVAR for acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate trends and clinical predictors of hospital readmissions in patients undergoing medical management and TEVAR for acute TBADs.

Materials And Methods: The Nationwide Readmissions Database was queried for all 30-day and 90-day index readmissions (30D-IR and 90D-IR, respectively) after a diagnosis of a TBAD from January 2012 to September 2015.

Characterization and Sequence Mapping of Large RNA and mRNA Therapeutics Using Mass Spectrometry.

Large RNA including mRNA (mRNA) has emerged as an important new class of therapeutics. Recently, this has been demonstrated by two highly efficacious vaccines based on mRNA sequences encoding for a modified version of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. There is currently significant demand for the development of new and improved analytical methods for the characterization of large RNA including mRNA therapeutics.

Educational Safety for the Surgical Learner.

Psychological safety is known to improve team performance and organizational learning. The related concept of "educational safety" has recently emerged to describe an environment in which learners can unreservedly focus on learning and professional growth, without worrying about the potential repercussions of interpersonal risk-taking. Educational safety is crucial for optimal learning in clinical environments, and yet is difficult to establish due to constant performance assessment, fear of failure, and pervasive hierarchies.

Enterococcus faecalis promotes a migratory and invasive phenotype in colon cancer cells.

Much about the role of intestinal microbes at the site of colon cancer development and tumor progression following curative resection remains to be understood. We have recently shown that collagenolytic bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis predominate within the colon postoperatively, particularly at the site of the colon reconnection (i.e.

Fenestrated Endovascular Aortic Repair With Chimney Graft for Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm.

Thoracoabdominal aneurysms pose technical challenges for endovascular repair due to involvement of visceral and renal vessels. We report a case series of four patients diagnosed with thoracoabdominal aneurysm who underwent complex endovascular repair with Fenestrated Device and chimney grafts (FEVARCh). FEVARCh is a technically feasible approach for repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms that involve renal, superior mesenteric, and celiac arteries for patients not appropriate for open surgical repair.

Influence of the Microbiome on Anastomotic Leak.

Despite advances in surgical technique and the expanded use of antibiotics, anastomotic leak remains a dreaded complication leading to increased hospital length of stay, morbidity, mortality, and cost. Data continues to grow addressing the importance of a functional and diverse colonic microbiome to ensure adequate healing. Individual pathogens, such as and , have been implicated in the pathogenesis of anastomotic leak.

Biogeochemical Cycling of Tc in Alkaline Sediments.

Tc will be present in significant quantities in radioactive wastes including intermediate-level waste (ILW). The internationally favored concept for disposing of higher activity radioactive wastes including ILW is via deep geological disposal in an underground engineered facility located ∼200-1000 m deep. Typically, in the deep geological disposal environment, the subsurface will be saturated, cement will be used extensively as an engineering material, and iron will be ubiquitous.

Sulfate adenylyl transferase kinetics and mechanisms of metabolic inhibitors of microbial sulfate respiration.

Sulfate analog oxyanions that function as selective metabolic inhibitors of dissimilatory sulfate reducing microorganisms (SRM) are widely used in ecological studies and industrial applications. As such, it is important to understand the mode of action and mechanisms of tolerance or adaptation to these compounds. Different oxyanions vary widely in their inhibitory potency and mechanism of inhibition, but current evidence suggests that the sulfate adenylyl transferase/ATP sulfurylase (Sat) enzyme is an important target.

Endovascular repair of aortic perforation and type B aortic dissection after axillary intra-aortic balloon pump insertion.

We present the successful endovascular repair of an iatrogenic aortic dissection in a 57-year-old woman with decompensated heart failure. An intra-aortic balloon pump was inserted in the patient via a percutaneous axillary approach for circulatory support. Six days later, she developed symptoms of abdominal pain and lower extremity malperfusion.

Chd1 protects genome integrity at promoters to sustain hypertranscription in embryonic stem cells.

Stem and progenitor cells undergo a global elevation of nascent transcription, or hypertranscription, during key developmental transitions involving rapid cell proliferation. The chromatin remodeler Chd1 mediates hypertranscription in pluripotent cells but its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Here we report a novel role for Chd1 in protecting genome integrity at promoter regions by preventing DNA double-stranded break (DSB) accumulation in ES cells.

Selective leaching of copper and zinc from primary ores and secondary mineral residues using biogenic ammonia.

With the number of easily accessible ores depleting, alternate primary and secondary sources are required to meet the increasing demand of economically important metals. Whilst highly abundant, these materials are of lower grade with respect to traditional ores, thus highly selective and sustainable metal extraction technologies are needed to reduce processing costs. Here, we investigated the metal leaching potential of biogenic ammonia produced by a ureolytic strain of Lysinibacillus sphaericus on eight primary and secondary materials, comprised of mining and metallurgical residues, sludges and automotive shredder residues (ASR).

Tungstate Control of Microbial Sulfidogenesis and Souring of the Engineered Environment.

Sulfide accumulation in oil reservoir fluids (souring) from the activity of sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) is of grave concern because of the associated health and facility failure risks. Here, we present an assessment of tungstate as a selective and potent inhibitor of SRM. Dose-response inhibitor experiments were conducted with a number of SRM isolates and enrichments at 30-80 °C and an increase in the effectiveness of tungstate treatment at higher temperatures was observed.

Homoacetogenesis and microbial community composition are shaped by pH and total sulfide concentration.

Biological CO sequestration through acetogenesis with H as electron donor is a promising technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Today, a major issue is the presence of impurities such as hydrogen sulfide (H S) in CO containing gases, as they are known to inhibit acetogenesis in CO -based fermentations. However, exact values of toxicity and inhibition are not well-defined.