Bilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve injections for unexplained chronic cough.

Objective: Internal Superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) injections with steroids and anesthetic for Unexplained Chronic Cough (UCC) was initially described as a unilateral injection. This study reports the safety profile and patient-reported outcomes of concurrent bilateral iSLN injections for UCC.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Simultaneous mesoscopic measurement and manipulation of mouse cortical activity.

Dynamics of activity across the cerebral cortex at the mesoscopic scale - coordinated fluctuations of local populations of neurons - are essential to perception and cognition and relevant to computations like sensorimotor integration and goal-directed task engagement. However, understanding direct causal links between population dynamics and behavior requires the ability to manipulate mesoscale activity and observe the effect of manipulation across multiple brain regions simultaneously. Here, we develop a novel system enabling simultaneous recording and manipulation of activity across the dorsal cortex of awake mice, compatible with large-scale electrophysiology from any region across the brain.

Surgical Management of Buckled Thyroid Cartilage in the Setting of Dysphonia.

Buckled thyroid cartilage is a rare, but documented structural anomaly that has been found in patients who suffer from dysphonia. Outside of a known trauma, the origin of the anomaly is unknown. We present a case study of a patient who suffered from significant cartilage buckling, and associated hoarseness.

Age and Menopausal Status in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of age on disease recurrence in idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of iSGS patients treated with laser wedge excision. Patients did not have prior surgery.

Methotrexate and Rituximab Use in Highly Recurrent Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of methotrexate and rituximab therapy on highly recurrent idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients with a negative antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer cANCA(-).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of highly recurrent iSGS patients who recurred within 1 year or less and were treated with methotrexate (MTX), and rituximab (RTX), or a combination of both at different time points (MTX/RTX). Average surgical durations before and after drug treatment were summarized, and the differences were calculated.

Symptom-Free Intervals Following Laser Wedge Excision for Recurrent Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: Analyze the duration of symptom-free intervals following laser wedge excision (LWE) for recurrent idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS). Secondary aim includes evaluating the influence of patient-related or disease factors.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Medical Maintenance Therapy Following Laser Excision in Patients With Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)-Associated Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: To report on a series of patients with cANCA/PR3-positive, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)-associated subglottic stenosis (SGS) and evaluate response to medical maintenance therapy with rituximab versus other immunosuppressants following initial endoscopic laser excision.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary academic center.

Single-use versus reusable rhinolaryngoscopes for inpatient otorhinolaryngology consults: Resident and patient experience.

Objectives: Single-use rhinolaryngoscopes were brought to market in 2019 as an alternative to traditional reusable scopes and have garnered interest across settings given portability and potential cost advantages. While single-use was previously evaluated compared to traditional devices, the overall impact to the consult experience for both users and patients has not been captured.

Methods: Eighteen residents performed consults with both single-use and reusable rhinolaryngoscope systems on alternating weeks.

A stable, distributed code for cue value in mouse cortex during reward learning.

The ability to associate reward-predicting stimuli with adaptive behavior is frequently attributed to the prefrontal cortex, but the stimulus-specificity, spatial distribution, and stability of prefrontal cue-reward associations are unresolved. We trained head-fixed mice on an olfactory Pavlovian conditioning task and measured the coding properties of individual neurons across space (prefrontal, olfactory, and motor cortices) and time (multiple days). Neurons encoding cues or licks were most common in the olfactory and motor cortex, respectively.

Flexible endoscopic Zenker's diverticulotomy - A retrospective review of outcomes in 75 patients.

Objective: Flexible endoscopic Zenker's diverticulotomy (FEZD) is a procedure performed primarily by gastroenterologists for treatment of symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum (ZD). Given the lack of prior investigations with large sample sizes, we report on one of the largest series of patients who underwent FEZD.

Methods: A review of patients who underwent FEZD at our institution from 2006 to 2021 was performed.

Comparing Open Versus Rigid Endoscopic and Flexible Endoscopic Techniques for the Treatment of Zenker's Diverticulum.

Objective: To describe the outcomes of patients undergoing open stapler versus transoral rigid and flexible endoscopic therapies for symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum.

Study Design: Single institution retrospective review.

Setting: Tertiary care academic hospital.

Parabrachial tachykinin1-expressing neurons involved in state-dependent breathing control.

Breathing is regulated automatically by neural circuits in the medulla to maintain homeostasis, but breathing is also modified by behavior and emotion. Mice have rapid breathing patterns that are unique to the awake state and distinct from those driven by automatic reflexes. Activation of medullary neurons that control automatic breathing does not reproduce these rapid breathing patterns.

Topographic representation of current and future threats in the mouse nociceptive amygdala.

Adaptive behaviors arise from an integration of current sensory context and internal representations of past experiences. The central amygdala (CeA) is positioned as a key integrator of cognitive and affective signals, yet it remains unknown whether individual populations simultaneously carry current- and future-state representations. We find that a primary nociceptive population within the CeA of mice, defined by CGRP-receptor (Calcrl) expression, receives topographic sensory information, with spatially defined representations of internal and external stimuli.

Larynx proteomics after jellyfish collagen IL: Increased ECM/collagen and suppressed inflammation.

Objectives/hypothesis: Compare proteomic profiles of rabbit vocal folds (VFs) injected with micronized cross-linked jellyfish collagen "collagen Type 0" (MX-JC) against two clinical products for injection medialization laryngoplasty (IL).

Study Design: Animal model.

Methods: Left recurrent laryngeal nerve sectioning and IL were performed in New Zealand White rabbits ( = 6/group).

Complications following laser wedge excision for idiopathic subglottic stenosis.

Objectives: Endoscopic laser wedge excision (LWE) is an effective treatment option for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS); however, data regarding complications following LWE are limited. The aim of the following analysis was to provide a review of frequency and type of complications that occur with LWE in patients with iSGS.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

RNA Sequencing of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis Tissues Uncovers Putative Profibrotic Mechanisms and Identifies a Prognostic Biomarker.

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a localized airway disease that almost exclusively affects females. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved may provide insights leading to therapeutic interventions. Next-generation sequencing was performed on tissue sections from patients with iSGS (n = 22), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV; n = 5), and matched controls (n = 9) to explore candidate genes and mechanisms of disease.

Proximal Scar Progression in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis After Wedge Excision: Does it Happen?

Objective: To compare the incidence of glottic stenosis in idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients with no prior surgical intervention to those with a history of endoscopic dilation and characterize the incidence of glottic involvement, changes in scar length, and progression of scar toward glottis following laser wedge excision (LWE).

Methods: A retrospective review of iSGS patients who underwent LWE between 2002 and 2021 was performed. Patients without prior airway surgery were labeled LWE primary (LWEP) and operative findings for LWEP patients were reviewed for glottic involvement, scar length (D ), and distance from the glottis to superior-most aspect of scar (D ).

Telemedicine evaluation of new head and neck patients at a tertiary academic clinic during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 accelerated the use of virtual visits within health care. We examined the utility of telemedicine for conducting visits in a tertiary head and neck practice.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients presenting via video to a tertiary-level head and neck clinic between January 2020 and December 2020.

Performing parotidectomy postoperative follow-ups via telemedicine: Experience at a tertiary care, multiple-surgeon otolaryngology center.

Introduction: We examined the suitability of using a video visit platform to perform postoperative parotidectomy evaluation at a tertiary care, multiple-surgeon otolaryngology center.

Methods: A retrospective case review was conducted of patients who underwent parotidectomy and postoperative video visits between November 2019 and December 2020. Success of video visit, plan if applicable, and post-visit outcomes were reviewed.

MRI imaging versus histologic volumetric estimation of residual injection laryngoplasty material.

Objectives: To examine the degree of agreement between MRI and histologically generated volumetric measurements of residual injection laryngoplasty material.

Methods: Following left recurrent laryngeal nerve transection, rabbit vocal cords were injected with jellyfish collagen, Cymetra®, or Restylane®. Laryngeal tissue was harvested 4 or 12 weeks post injection followed by MRI imaging and histologic cross-sectioning.

The Posterior Septal Nasal Floor Mucosal Flap for Cranial Base Reconstruction.

Objective: While pedicled intranasal flaps, such as the nasoseptal flap (NSF), successfully reduce postoperative CSF leaks following endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) to the skull base, morbidity remains prevalent. This study describes the first cadaveric description and radiographic analysis of the posterior septal nasal floor mucosal flap (PSNF) designed to reduce pedicled nasal flap morbidity. A case series is also detailed.

Recurrence Following Endoscopic Laser Wedge Excision and Triple Medical Therapy for Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: We present the outcomes for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) following their first carbon dioxide laser wedge excision (LWE) procedure, additionally examining the effect of compliance with adjuvant medical therapy (triple therapy) after the operation.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary center.

Transoral Laser-Assisted Diverticulectomy: Swallow Study Results after Complete Endoscopic Pouch Excision for Zenker's Diverticulum.

Objective: Transoral endoscopic laser-assisted diverticulotomy (TELD) with diverticulectomy and diverticuloplasty (TELD + DD) for the management of Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) has been utilized by our institution since 2016 in attempts to reduce residual pouch size. This technique involves complete endoscopic pouch excision with partial advancement of mucosal flaps. Our study compares the subjective outcomes, objective outcomes, and complication rates between TELD and TELD + DD.