Gestational weight gain below recommendations and adverse maternal and child health outcomes for pregnancies with overweight or obesity: a United States cohort study.

Background: The current Institute of Medicine (IOM) pregnancy weight gain guidelines were developed using the best available evidence but were limited by substantial knowledge gaps. Some have raised concern that the guidelines for individuals affected by overweight or obesity are too high and contribute to short- and long-term complications for the mother and child.

Objectives: To determine the association between pregnancy weight gain below the lower limit of the current IOM recommendations and risk of 10 adverse maternal and child health outcomes among individuals with overweight and obesity.

Safety of low weight gain or weight loss in pregnancies with class 1, 2, and 3 obesity: a population-based cohort study.

Background: There are concerns that current gestational weight gain recommendations for women with obesity are too high and that guidelines should differ on the basis of severity of obesity. In this study we investigated the safety of gestational weight gain below current recommendations or weight loss in pregnancies with obesity, and evaluated whether separate guidelines are needed for different obesity classes.

Methods: In this population-based cohort study, we used electronic medical records from the Stockholm-Gotland Perinatal Cohort study to identify pregnancies with obesity (early pregnancy BMI before 14 weeks' gestation ≥30 kg/m) among singleton pregnancies that delivered between Jan 1, 2008, and Dec 31, 2015.

The deimplementation of laboratory testing in low-risk patients as recommended by the American society of anesthesiologists: An ACS-NSQIP longitudinal analysis.

Background: In 2012, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) published guidelines recommending against routine preoperative laboratory testing for low-risk patients to reduce unnecessary medical expenditures. The aim of this study was to assess the change in routine preoperative laboratory testing in low-risk versus higher-risk patients before and after release of these guidelines.

Methods: The ACS-NSQIP database, 2005-2018, was separated into low-risk versus higher-risk patients based upon a previously published stratification.

Anatomic Lung Resection Outcomes After Implementation of a Universal Thoracic ERAS Protocol Across a Diverse Health Care System.

Objective: We sought to evaluate how implementing a thoracic enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol impacted surgical outcomes after elective anatomic lung resection.

Background: The effect of implementing the ERAS Society/European Society of Thoracic Surgery thoracic ERAS protocol on postoperative outcomes throughout an entire health care system has not yet been reported.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study within one health care system (January 2019-March, 2023).

Amyloid-α Peptide Formed through Alternative Processing of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Attenuates Alzheimer's Amyloid-β Toxicity via Cross-Chaperoning.

Amyloid aggregation is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a primary target for past and present therapeutic efforts. Recent research is making it increasingly clear that the heterogeneity of amyloid deposits, extending past the commonly targeted amyloid-β (Aβ), must be considered for successful therapy. We recently demonstrated that amyloid-α (Aα or p3), a C-terminal peptidic fragment of Aβ, aggregates rapidly to form amyloids and can expedite the aggregation of Aβ through seeding.

Do current pregnancy weight gain guidelines balance risks of adverse maternal and child health in a United States cohort?

Background: The Institute of Medicine pregnancy weight gain guidelines were developed without evidence linking high weight gain to maternal cardiometabolic disease and child obesity. The upper limit of current recommendations may be too high for the health of the pregnant individual and child.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the range of pregnancy weight gain for pregnancies within a normal body mass index (BMI) range that balances the risks of high and low weight gain by simultaneously considering 10 different health conditions.

PERSUADE Survey-PERioperative AnestheSia and Intensive Care Management of Left VentricUlar Assist DevicE Implantation in Europe and the United States.

Objective: To comprehensively assess relevant institutional variations in anesthesia and intensive care management during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.

Design: The authors used a prospective data analysis.

Setting: This was an online survey.

Perioperative hypothermia in robotic-assisted thoracic surgery: Incidence, risk factors, and associations with postoperative outcomes.

Objective: Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia has been associated with poor surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and associated postoperative complications of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing robotic-assisted thoracic surgery lung resections.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study evaluating all consecutive patients who underwent robotic-assisted thoracic surgery lung resection between January 1, 2021, and November 30, 2022.

Quality Review Committee Audit Improves Thoracic Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol Compliance.

Introduction: Compliance with thoracic Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols is critical to achieving their maximum benefits. We sought to examine utilization of quality review meetings as a method to improve protocol compliance through identification and resolution of barriers with compliance.

Methods: A multidisciplinary committee implemented a thoracic ERAS protocol for anatomic lung resections across five hospitals within our health system.

Tissue-Like 3D Standard and Protocols for Microscope Quality Management.

This article outlines a global study conducted by the Association of Biomedical Resource Facilities (ABRF) Light Microscopy Research Group (LMRG). The results present a novel 3D tissue-like biologically relevant standard sample that is affordable and straightforward to prepare. Detailed sample preparation, instrument-specific image acquisition protocols and image analysis methods are presented and made available to the community.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and BMI: Lifecourse Associations in a Black-White U.S. Women Cohort.

Introduction: Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been positively associated with adiposity, few studies have examined long-term race-specific ACE-BMI relationships.

Methods: A Black and White all-women cohort (N=611; 48.6% Black) was followed between 1987 and 1997 from childhood (ages 9-10 years) through adolescence (ages 19-20 years) to midlife (ages 36-43 years, between 2015 and 2019).

Risk factors influencing death prior to discharge in 302 dogs undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy for treatment of primary adrenal gland tumours.

Adrenalectomies for canine adrenal tumours are associated with peri-operative morbidity and mortality. Objectives of this study included assessing the prognostic value of tumour- or surgery-related variables in predicting peri-operative mortality and overall survival in dogs undergoing adrenalectomies for primary adrenal tumours as well as pre-treatment with phenoxybenzamine on survival to discharge with pheochromocytomas specifically. A multi-institutional retrospective cohort study was performed across nine institutions.

Resolution of paraneoplastic hypoglycemia following nephroureterectomy for treatment of canine renal cell carcinoma: Case report.

Objectives: To describe the clinicopathologic findings, imaging results, surgical treatment, and outcome of a dog with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and paraneoplastic hypoglycemia.

Animals: A 13-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog that was presented for facial twitching and neurologic decline and diagnosed with a renal mass and paraneoplastic hypoglycemia.

Study Design: Case report.

Neighborhood disinvestment and severe maternal morbidity in the state of California.

Background: Social determinants of health, including neighborhood context, may be a key driver of severe maternal morbidity and its related racial and ethnic inequities; however, investigations remain limited.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and severe maternal morbidity, as well as whether the associations between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and severe maternal morbidity were modified by race and ethnicity.

Study Design: This study leveraged a California statewide data resource on all hospital births at ≥20 weeks of gestation (1997-2018).

Clinical Utility of Cytology from Preoperative Percutaneous Fine Needle Aspirates of Solitary Liver Masses in 220 Dogs: A Retrospective Study (2009-2019).

When a solitary liver mass is identified in a dog, a fine-needle aspirate (FNA) is commonly employed to attempt to obtain a diagnosis. Little information is provided in the literature evaluating the sensitivity/specificity of FNA cytology for solitary liver masses. We hypothesized that liver lesion size nor the presence of cavitation would impact the success of cytological diagnosis.

Remapping racial and ethnic inequities in severe maternal morbidity: The legacy of redlining in California.

Background: Historical mortgage redlining, a racially discriminatory policy designed to uphold structural racism, may have played a role in producing the persistently elevated rate of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) among racialised birthing people.

Objective: This study examined associations between Home-Owner Loan Corporation (HOLC) redlining grades and SMM in a racially and ethnically diverse birth cohort in California.

Methods: We leveraged a population-based cohort of all live hospital births at ≥20 weeks of gestation between 1997 and 2017 in California.