Sigma Factor Engineering in sp. SE50/110: Expression of the Alternative Sigma Factor Gene (σH) Enhances Acarbose Yield and Alters Cell Morphology.

Sigma factors are transcriptional regulators that are part of complex regulatory networks for major cellular processes, as well as for growth phase-dependent regulation and stress response. sp. SE50/110 is the natural producer of acarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor that is used in diabetes type 2 treatment.

Role of MalQ Enzyme in a Reconstructed Maltose/Maltodextrin Pathway in sp. SE50/110.

The pseudotetrasaccharide acarbose, produced by sp. SE50/110, is a relevant secondary metabolite used in diabetes type II medication. Although maltose plays a crucial role in acarbose biosynthesis, the understanding of the maltose/maltodextrin metabolism and its involvement in acarbose production is at an early stage.

Comprehensive Proteome Profiling of a pv. Campestris B100 Culture Grown in Minimal Medium with a Specific Focus on Nutrient Consumption and Xanthan Biosynthesis.

Xanthan, a bacterial polysaccharide, is widespread in industrial applications, particularly as a food additive. However, little is known about the process of xanthan synthesis on the proteome level, even though is frequently used for xanthan fermentation. A label-free LC-MS/MS method was employed to study the protein changes during xanthan fermentation in minimal medium.

Regnase-1 overexpression as a therapeutic approach of Marfan syndrome.

Rupture or dissection of thoracic aortic aneurysms is still the leading cause of death for patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Inflammation and matrix digestion regulated by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play a major role in the pathological remodeling of the aortic media. Regnase-1 is an endoribonuclease shown to cleave the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6.

Uncovering Microbiome Adaptations in a Full-Scale Biogas Plant: Insights from MAG-Centric Metagenomics and Metaproteomics.

The current focus on renewable energy in global policy highlights the importance of methane production from biomass through anaerobic digestion (AD). To improve biomass digestion while ensuring overall process stability, microbiome-based management strategies become more important. In this study, metagenomes and metaproteomes were used for metagenomically assembled genome (MAG)-centric analyses to investigate a full-scale biogas plant consisting of three differentially operated digesters.

Redefining Unilateral Pulmonary Edema after Mitral Valve Surgery on Chest X-ray Imaging Using the RALE Scoring System.

: Unilateral pulmonary edema (UPE) is a potential complication after mitral valve surgery (MVS), and its cause is not yet fully understood. Definitions are inconsistent, and previous studies have reported wide variance in the incidence of UPE. This research aims at the evaluation of the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) score concerning assessment of UPE after MVS in order to provide an accurate and consistent definition of this pathology.

Emergency management of patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia: consensus recommendations from the French reference center for inherited platelet disorders.

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a genetic bleeding disorder characterised by severely reduced/absent platelet aggregation in response to multiple physiological agonists. The severity of bleeding in GT varies markedly, as does the emergency situations and complications encountered in patients. A number of emergency situations may occur in the context of GT, including spontaneous or provoked bleeding, such as surgery or childbirth.

Abundance, classification and genetic potential of Thaumarchaeota in metagenomes of European agricultural soils: a meta-analysis.

Background: For a sustainable production of food, research on agricultural soil microbial communities is inevitable. Due to its immense complexity, soil is still some kind of black box. Soil study designs for identifying microbiome members of relevance have various scopes and focus on particular environmental factors.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic proteolytic salt-tolerant bacterium isolated from a laboratory-scale biogas fermenter, and emended description of .

An anaerobic bacterial strain, designated strain M3/9, was isolated from a laboratory-scale biogas fermenter fed with maize silage supplemented with 5 % wheat straw. Cells were straight, non-motile rods, which stained Gram-negative. Optimal growth occurred between 30 and 40°C, at pH 7.

The novel oligopeptide utilizing species M3/9, its role in anaerobic digestion and occurrence as deduced from large-scale fragment recruitment analyses.

Research on biogas-producing microbial communities aims at elucidation of correlations and dependencies between the anaerobic digestion (AD) process and the corresponding microbiome composition in order to optimize the performance of the process and the biogas output. Previously, species were frequently detected in mesophilic to moderately thermophilic biogas reactors. To analyze adaptive genome features of a representative strain, M3/9 was isolated from a mesophilic laboratory-scale biogas plant and its genome was sequenced and analyzed in detail.

RcgA and RcgR, Two Novel Proteins Involved in the Conjugative Transfer of Rhizobial Plasmids.

Rhizobia are Gram-negative bacteria that are able to establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic interaction with leguminous plants. Rhizobia genomes usually harbor several plasmids which can be transferred to other organisms by conjugation. Two main mechanisms of the regulation of rhizobial plasmid transfer have been described: quorum sensing (QS) and the / system.

Two Flagellar mutants of Xanthomonas campestris are characterized by enhanced xanthan production and higher xanthan viscosity.

Xanthomonas campestris strains are used world-wide for the production of the industrially important exopolysaccharide xanthan. The high industrial relevance of xanthan can be explained by its extraordinary qualities as rheological control agent in aqueous systems and by its stabilizing properties in suspensions and emulsions. The phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris is a motile bacterium with one polar flagellum.

Preoperative Predictors of Adverse Clinical Outcome in Emergent Repair of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection in 15 Year Follow Up.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) has high mortality. Improvements in surgical technique have lowered mortality but postoperative functional status and decreased quality of life due to debilitating deficits remain of concern. Our study aims to identify preoperative conditions predictive of undesirable outcome to help guide perioperative management.

Genome Analyses of the Less Aggressive AG1-IB Isolates 1/2/21 and O8/2 Compared to the Reference AG1-IB Isolate 7/3/14.

AG1-IB of the phylum Basidiomycota is known as phytopathogenic fungus affecting various economically important crops, such as bean, rice, soybean, figs, cabbage and lettuce. The isolates 1/2/21 and O8/2 of the anastomosis group AG1-IB originating from lettuce plants with bottom rot symptoms represent two less aggressive isolates, as confirmed in a pathogenicity test on lettuce. They were deeply sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq system applying the mate-pair and paired-end mode to establish their genome sequences.

ExoS/ChvI Two-Component Signal-Transduction System Activated in the Absence of Bacterial Phosphatidylcholine.

contains the negatively charged phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin as well as the zwitterionic phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) as major membrane phospholipids. In previous studies we had isolated mutants that lack PE or PC. Although mutants deficient in PE are able to form nitrogen-fixing nodules on alfalfa host plants, mutants lacking PC cannot sustain development of any nodules on host roots.

Indicative Marker Microbiome Structures Deduced from the Taxonomic Inventory of 67 Full-Scale Anaerobic Digesters of 49 Agricultural Biogas Plants.

There are almost 9500 biogas plants in Germany, which are predominantly operated with energy crops and residues from livestock husbandry over the last two decades. In the future, biogas plants must be enabled to use a much broader range of input materials in a flexible and demand-oriented manner. Hence, the microbial communities will be exposed to frequently varying process conditions, while an overall stable process must be ensured.

Impact of process temperature and organic loading rate on cellulolytic / hydrolytic biofilm microbiomes during biomethanation of ryegrass silage revealed by genome-centered metagenomics and metatranscriptomics.

Background: Anaerobic digestion (AD) of protein-rich grass silage was performed in experimental two-stage two-phase biogas reactor systems at low vs. increased organic loading rates (OLRs) under mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) temperatures. To follow the adaptive response of the biomass-attached cellulolytic/hydrolytic biofilms at increasing ammonium/ammonia contents, genome-centered metagenomics and transcriptional profiling based on metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) were conducted.

Improvement of renal function after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and its impact on survival.

Background: Chronic kidney disease as well as acute kidney injury are associated with adverse outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, little is known about the prognostic implications of an improvement in renal function after TAVR.

Methods: Renal improvement (RI) was defined as a decrease in postprocedural creatinine in μmol/l of ≥1% compared to its preprocedural baseline value.

Exopolysaccharide Characterization of LPU83 and Its Role in the Symbiosis With Alfalfa.

One of the greatest inputs of available nitrogen into the biosphere occurs through the biological N-fixation to ammonium as result of the symbiosis between rhizobia and leguminous plants. These interactions allow increased crop yields on nitrogen-poor soils. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are key components for the establishment of an effective symbiosis between alfalfa and , as bacteria that lack EPS are unable to infect the host plants.

Implementing FAIR data management within the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) exemplified by selected use cases.

This article describes some use case studies and self-assessments of FAIR status of de.NBI services to illustrate the challenges and requirements for the definition of the needs of adhering to the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) data principles in a large distributed bioinformatics infrastructure. We address the challenge of heterogeneity of wet lab technologies, data, metadata, software, computational workflows and the levels of implementation and monitoring of FAIR principles within the different bioinformatics sub-disciplines joint in de.

The Role of ING2-E5A in Mesophilic Biogas Reactor Systems as Deduced from Multiomics Analyses.

Members of the genera and were speculated to represent indicators reflecting process instability within anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiomes. Therefore, ING2-E5A was isolated from a biogas reactor sample and sequenced on the PacBio and Illumina MiSeq sequencers. Phylogenetic classification positioned the strain ING2-E5A in close proximity to and species (family Dysgonomonadaceae).

Global transcriptome analysis of Rhizobium favelukesii LPU83 in response to acid stress.

Acidic environments naturally occur worldwide and inappropriate agricultural management may also cause acidification of soils. Low soil pH values are an important barrier in the plant-rhizobia interaction. Acidic conditions disturb the establishment of the efficient rhizobia usually used as biofertilizer.