Costs analysis of integrating group interpersonal therapy into HIV care services in Senegal.

Introduction: Group Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), an evidence-based treatment of depression recommended by the WHO mhGAP Intervention Guide, was implemented through a task-shifting approach in Senegal, as a treatment for depressed people living with HIV (PLWH). Since a description of the resources used and the implementation costs incurred is necessary to inform policymakers better, this study aimed to estimate the costs associated with its implementation.

Methods: Intervention costs were analyzed using an "ingredients-based costing approach" from the provider's perspective.

Technical Validation of a Spatial Tracking Configuration for Augmented and Co-Localized Medical Assistance Under Gravity Variations in Parabolic Flights.

Introduction: Augmented reality is a promising technology for enhancing remote medical assistance. It assists users by directly projecting the relevant virtual assistance in the real world at the right moment and at the right location. This modality is called colocalization but has not been validated in parabolic flights.

Muscle-derived myostatin is a major endocrine driver of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis.

Myostatin is a paracrine myokine that regulates muscle mass in a variety of species, including humans. In this work, we report a functional role for myostatin as an endocrine hormone that directly promotes pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis and thereby ovarian function in mice. Previously, this FSH-stimulating role was attributed to other members of the transforming growth factor-β family, the activins.

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome presentations to emergency departments in the United States from 2015 to 2023.

Introduction: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a common condition prompting emergency department (ED) presentation. However, there are limited recent, large-scale, robust data available on the incidence, admission, and medical treatment of AWS in the ED.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of ED presentations for AWS from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023, using Epic Cosmos.

Feasibility and potential effect of a pilot blended digital behavior change intervention promoting sustainable diets over a year.

Well-designed effective interventions promoting sustainable diets are urgently needed to benefit both human and planetary health. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of a pilot blended digital intervention aimed at promoting sustainable diets. We conducted a series of ABA n-of-1 trials with baseline, intervention, and follow-up phases over the course of a year, involving twelve participants.

Brain radiotherapy and dorsal vagal complex irradiation: A new organ at risk to decrease radiation-induced nausea and vomiting?

Purpose: Nausea is a common symptom in patients irradiated for benign brain tumors. The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) located in the brainstem (BS) has been identified as the center of nausea and vomiting. The objective of our study was to determine an association between mean dose to the DVC and nausea.

Seatizen Atlas: a collaborative dataset of underwater and aerial marine imagery.

Citizen Science initiatives have a worldwide impact on environmental research by providing data at a global scale and high resolution. Mapping marine biodiversity remains a key challenge to which citizen initiatives can contribute. Here we describe a dataset made of both underwater and aerial imagery collected in shallow tropical coastal areas by using various low cost platforms operated either by citizens or researchers.

Dynamic Control of Weight-Update Linearity in Magneto-Ionic Synapses.

Multifunctional hardware technologies for neuromorphic computing are essential for replicating the complexity of biological neural systems, thereby improving the performance of artificial synapses and neurons. Integrating ionic and spintronic technologies offers new degrees of freedom to modulate synaptic potentiation and depression, introducing novel magnetic functionalities alongside the established ionic analogue behavior. We demonstrate that magneto-ionic devices can perform as synaptic elements with dynamically tunable depression linearity controlled by an external magnetic field, a functionality reminiscent of neuromodulation in biological systems.

Ovarian tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor progression and chemoresistance.

Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest gynecologic cancers affecting the female reproductive tract. This is largely attributed to frequent recurrence and development of resistance to the platinum-based drugs cisplatin and carboplatin. One of the major contributing factors to increased cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy is the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Genomes and integrative genomic insights into the genetic architecture of main agronomic traits in the edible cherries.

Cherries are one of the economically important fruit crops in the Rosaceae family, genus. As the first fruits of the spring season in the northern hemisphere, their attractive appearance, intensely desirable tastes, high nutrients content, and consumer-friendly size captivate consumers worldwide. In the past 30 years, although cherry geneticists and breeders have greatly progressed in understanding the genetic and molecular basis underlying fruit quality, adaptation to climate change, and biotic and abiotic stress resistance, the utilization of cherry genomic data in genetics and molecular breeding has remained limited to date.

Myocardial bridging resulting in an atypical acute coronary syndrome in a young athlete: a case report.

Background: Myocardial bridging (MB) is considered a frequent and benign condition. However, some patients may experience symptoms. The recent ESC guidelines on sports participation provide guidance on the management of these symptomatic patients with MB but do not provide guidance in the presence of another cardiac pathology.

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Role of Peer Mentors in the Implementation of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy for Use by Adolescents and Young People in Western Kenya: Findings from a Formative Study, KuwaFree! LiveFree!

Long-acting antiretroviral treatment (LA ART) is a forthcoming option for adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLHIV), but perspectives on using peer mentors to implement LA ART for AYPLHIV are unknown. We conducted seven focus group discussions ( = 58 participants) from November 2021 to April 2022 in Kenya with four stakeholder groups, including AYPLHIV, healthcare providers, advocates, and policymakers. We used inductive coding and thematic analysis.

Melatonin Low-Dose for Prevention of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients: A Multi-centre, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Feasibility Trial (MELLOW).

Background: Delirium is a common and serious syndrome of acute brain dysfunction associated with negative outcomes. Melatonin may have a role in delirium prevention for critically ill adults based on data from non-critically ill patient populations. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of a multi-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial testing the hypothesis that low-dose melatonin prevents delirium in critically ill adults.

Demyelinating neuropathy as the initial presentation of familial E200K Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in two patients.

Objective: To describe peripheral neuropathy associated with familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Methods: We report two unrelated patients with genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with demyelinating peripheral neuropathy as initial presentation, with a comprehensive clinical, electrophysiological and neuropathological description.

Results: Both patients exhibited gait disturbance and paresthesia.

Time Dependent Effects of Cerebellar tDCS on Cerebello-cortical Connectivity Networks in Young Adults.

The cerebellum is involved in non-motor processing, supported by topographically distinct cerebellar activations and closed-loop circuits between the cerebellum and the cortex. Disruptions to cerebellar function may negatively impact prefrontal function and processing. Cerebellar resources may be important for offloading cortical processing, providing crucial scaffolding for normative performance and function.

Polar lipids and proteins in milk fat globule membranes as players in spontaneous lipolysis in cow's milk.

A study of the lipidome and proteome was performed on milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) originating from milk samples from high (HL) and low (LL) lipolysis groups of cows. Combined univariate and multivariate statistical analyses proposed a set of variables highly associated to contrasted samples with regard to milk lipolysis. Milk from HL group were related to 4 phosphatidylinositols, 8 phosphatidylcholines, 1 sphingomyelin and 27 proteins, among them the phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio and ORM1 may contribute to the membrane remodeling of the MFGM.

Tropical forest clearance impacts biodiversity and function, whereas logging changes structure.

The impacts of degradation and deforestation on tropical forests are poorly understood, particularly at landscape scales. We present an extensive ecosystem analysis of the impacts of logging and conversion of tropical forest to oil palm from a large-scale study in Borneo, synthesizing responses from 82 variables categorized into four ecological levels spanning a broad suite of ecosystem properties: (i) structure and environment, (ii) species traits, (iii) biodiversity, and (iv) ecosystem functions. Responses were highly heterogeneous and often complex and nonlinear.

Safety and efficacy of the automated suture system in valvular heart surgery: a multicenter, prospective registry.

Background: In the last years, the Cor-Knot device has been increasingly used in heart valve surgery. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of valvular complications in patients who underwent valvular surgery using the Cor-Knot device in multicentric cohorts at one-year follow-up.

Methods: Three hundred and sixty-eight patient underwent heart valve repair or replacement surgery using automated titanium suture fasteners in four cardiothoracic surgery departments between September 2018 and January 2020.

Hospital-level volume in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cases and death or disability at 6 months.

Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a high-risk procedure with significant morbidity and mortality and there is an uncertain volume-outcome relationship, especially regarding long-term functional outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the association between ECMO centre volume and long-term death and disability outcomes.

Design Setting And Participants: This is a registry-embedded observational cohort study.

Effects of a multimedia campaign to increase human papillomavirus vaccine acceptance in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Increasing the uptake of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among adolescent girls is a high priority for the government of Bangladesh. This study examines correlates of HPV vaccine adoption in Dhaka Division, the largest division in Bangladesh. The 18-day vaccination campaign was accompanied by multimedia messages.

Population sequencing of cherry accessions unravels the evolution of Cerasus species and the selection of genetic characteristics in edible cherries.

Cerasus is a subgenus of Prunus in the family Rosaceae that is popular owing to its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties. Understanding the evolution of the Cerasus subgenus and identifying selective trait loci in edible cherries are crucial for the improvement of cherry cultivars to meet producer and consumer demands. In this study, we performed a de novo assembly of a chromosome-scale genome for the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity and Offspring Intelligence Quotient at 5 Years: A Multicohort Analysis.

Background: The relationship between maternal obesity and childhood cognitive development remains unclear. Prior studies did not adjust for important confounders, and preterm infants are a developmentally distinct group that remains scarcely examined.

Objectives: To determine whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring intelligence quotient (IQ) up to 5 years and whether this relationship varies with gestational age.

Assessment of respiratory function in children after kidney transplantation.

Background: Severe respiratory complications following kidney transplantation have been reported, yet remain poorly understood in the pediatric population. This study aimed to document respiratory disease in this population.

Methods: At annual follow-ups, patients completed a respiratory symptoms questionnaire and underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

RNA-TorsionBERT: leveraging language models for RNA 3D torsion angles prediction.

Motivation: Predicting the 3D structure of RNA is an ongoing challenge that has yet to be completely addressed despite continuous advancements. RNA 3D structures rely on distances between residues and base interactions but also backbone torsional angles. Knowing the torsional angles for each residue could help reconstruct its global folding, which is what we tackle in this work.

(Cyanobacteria) chemical fingerprint reveals local molecular adaptation.

Unlabelled: can colonize a wide variety of environments (e.g., freshwater, brackish, alkaline, or alkaline-saline water) and develop dominant and even permanent blooms that overshadow and limit the diversity of adjacent phototrophs, especially in alkaline and saline environments.