All-Printable ZnO Quantum Dots/Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures for Ultrasensitive Detection of Ultraviolet Light.

In ZnO quantum dot/graphene heterojunction photodetectors, fabricated by printing quantum dots (QDs) directly on the graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) channel, the combination of the strong quantum confinement in ZnO QDs and the high charge mobility in graphene allows extraordinary quantum efficiency (or photoconductive gain) in visible-blind ultraviolet (UV) detection. Key to the high performance is a clean van der Waals interface to facilitate an efficient charge transfer from ZnO QDs to graphene upon UV illumination. Here, we report a robust ZnO QD surface activation process and demonstrate that a transition from zero to extraordinarily high photoresponsivity of 9.

Implantable porous gelatin microspheres sustained release of bFGF and improved its neuroprotective effect on rats after spinal cord injury.

In this study, porous gelatin microspheres (GMSs) were constructed to improve the neuroprotective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on spinal cord injury. GMSs were prepared by a W/O emulsion template, followed by cross-linking, washing and drying. The particle sizes and surface porosity of the blank GMSs were carefully characterized by scan electronic microscopy.

Inkjet-Printed Photodetector Arrays Based on Hybrid Perovskite CHNHPbI Microwires.

Hybrid perovskite CHNHPbI has attracted extensive research interests in optoelectronic devices in recent years. Herein an inkjet printing method has been employed to deposit a perovskite CHNHPbI layer. By choosing the proper solvent and controlling the crystal growth rate, hybrid perovskite CHNHPbI nanowires, microwires, a network, and islands were synthesized by means of inkjet printing.

Designing the Interface of Carbon Nanotube/Biomaterials for High-Performance Ultra-Broadband Photodetection.

Inorganic/biomolecule nanohybrids can combine superior electronic and optical properties of inorganic nanostructures and biomolecules for optoelectronics with performance far surpassing that achievable in conventional materials. The key toward a high-performance inorganic/biomolecule nanohybrid is to design their interface based on the electronic structures of the constituents. A major challenge is the lack of knowledge of most biomolecules due to their complex structures and composition.

Epitaxial Growth of Large-Grain NiSe Films by Solid-State Reaction for High-Responsivity Photodetector Arrays.

Film-based photodetectors have shown superiority for the fabrication of photodetector arrays, which are desired for integrating photodetectors into sensing and imaging systems, such as image sensors. But they usually possess a low responsivity due to low carrier mobility of the film consisting of nanocrystals. Large-grain semiconductor films are expected to fabricate superior-responsivity photodetector arrays.

Ultrahigh Carrier Mobility Achieved in Photoresponsive Hybrid Perovskite Films via Coupling with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.

Organolead trihalide perovskites have drawn substantial interest for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications due to their remarkable physical properties and low processing cost. However, perovskite thin films suffer from low carrier mobility as a result of their structural imperfections such as grain boundaries and pinholes, limiting their device performance and application potential. Here we demonstrate a simple and straightforward synthetic strategy based on coupling perovskite films with embedded single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Constructing Fast Carrier Tracks into Flexible Perovskite Photodetectors To Greatly Improve Responsivity.

Intrinsically high mobility and large absorption coefficient endow inorganic halide perovskites (IHPs) with great promise for high-performance photodetectors (PDs), which, however, are being hindered by the low carrier extraction and transport efficiency of the solution assembled films. Here, we report on a general strategy to enhance the perovskite film conductivity that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) conductive nanonets are constructed from to provide fast carrier tracks. Resultantly, the CsPbBr nanosheet/CNT composite films exhibit both high light harvesting and high conductivity, such advantages are demonstrated by the high performances of corresponding planar PDs.

Photosensitivity of Te-doped silicon photodiodes fabricated using femtosecond laser irradiation.

Microstructured Te-doped silicon is prepared via a femtosecond laser irradiating Si coated with Si-Te bilayer films, and photodiodes are successfully fabricated from this material. The samples are thermally annealed at 773 K for three different time durations. The effects of annealing time on microstructures, infrared absorptance, and photosensitivity of Te-doped silicon are investigated.

Zero-Power-Consumption Solar-Blind Photodetector Based on β-GaO/NSTO Heterojunction.

A solar-blind photodetector based on β-GaO/NSTO (NSTO = Nb:SrTiO) heterojunctions were fabricated for the first time, and its photoelectric properties were investigated. The device presents a typical positive rectification in the dark, while under 254 nm UV light illumination, it shows a negative rectification, which might be caused by the generation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs in the β-GaO film layer. With zero bias, that is, zero power consumption, the photodetector shows a fast photoresponse time (decay time τ = 0.

Quantitative data describing the impact of the flavonol rutin on in-vivo blood-glucose and fluid-intake profiles, and survival of human-amylin transgenic mice.

Here we provide data describing the time-course of blood-glucose and fluid-intake profiles of diabetic hemizygous human-amylin (hA) transgenic mice orally treated with rutin, and matched control mice treated with water. We employed "parametric change-point regression analysis" for investigation of differences in time-course profiles between the control and rutin-treatment groups to extract, for each animal, baseline levels of blood glucose and fluid-intake, the change-point time at which blood glucose (diabetes-onset) and fluid-intake (polydipsia-onset) accelerated away from baseline, and the rate of this acceleration. The parametric change-point regression approach applied here allowed a much more accurate determination of the exact time of onset of diabetes than do the standard diagnostic criteria.

Two-Dimensional (CHNH)PbBr Perovskite Crystals for High-Performance Photodetector.

Two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid perovskites of (RNH)PbX (R is an alkyl and X is a halide) have been recently synthesized and exhibited rich optical properties including fluorescence and exciton effects. However, few studies on transport and optoelectronic measurements of individual 2D perovskite crystals have been reported, presumably owing to the instability issue during electronic device fabrications. Here we report the first photodetector based on individual 2D (CHNH)PbBr perovskite crystals, built with the protection and top contact of graphene film.

Fast generation of W states of superconducting qubits with multiple Schrödinger dynamics.

In this paper, we present a protocol to generate a W state of three superconducting qubits (SQs) by using multiple Schrödinger dynamics. The three SQs are respective embedded in three different coplanar waveguide resonators (CPWRs), which are coupled to a superconducting coupler (SCC) qubit at the center of the setups. With the multiple Schrödinger dynamics, we build a shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA), which greatly accelerates the evolution of the system.

Bone turnover predicts change in volumetric bone density and bone geometry at the radius in men.

Unlabelled: Peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans of the distal and midshaft radius were performed in 514 European men aged 40-79 years at baseline and a median of 4.3 years later. Age-related changes in volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone geometry were greater in men with higher biochemical markers of bone turnover at baseline.

ZnO quantum dot-doped graphene/h-BN/GaN-heterostructure ultraviolet photodetector with extremely high responsivity.

A ZnO quantum dot  photo-doped graphene/h-BN/GaN-heterostructure ultraviolet photodetector with extremely high responsivity of more than 1915 A W and detectivity of more than 1.02 × 10 Jones (Jones = cm Hz W) has been demonstrated. The interfaced h-BN layer increases the barrier height at the graphene/GaN heterojunction, which decreases the dark current and improves the on/off current ratio of the device.

Near-infrared photoresponse of femtosecond-laser processed Se-doped silicon n - n photodiodes.

Se-doped silicon was prepared using deposited Si-Se bilayer thin films followed by femtosecond-laser irradiation. n-n photodiodes were fabricated from this material for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The effects of the annealing temperature and the reverse bias voltage on the near-infrared responsivity were investigated.

Controlled growth of large-area anisotropic ReS atomic layer and its photodetector application.

As an anisotropic 2D layered material, rhenium disulfide (ReS) has attracted much attention because of its unusual properties and promising applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, the low lattice symmetry and interlayer decoupling of ReS make asymmetric growth and out-of-plane growth occur quite easily; therefore, thick flake, dendritic and flower-like structures of ReS have mostly been obtained previously. Here, we report on an approach based on space-confined epitaxial growth for the controlled synthesis of ReS films.

Optoelectronic Properties of Few-Layer MoS FET Gated by Ferroelectric Relaxor Polymer.

Recently, new devices combining two-dimensional (2D) materials with ferroelectrics, have been a new hotspot for promising applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Here, we design a new type of FET using the 2D MoS and poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofloroethylene) terpolymer ferroelectric relaxor. The devices exhibit excellent performance including a large on/off ratio) and an insignificant leakage current.

Multifocal repetitive TMS for motor and mood symptoms of Parkinson disease: A randomized trial.

Objective: To assess whether multifocal, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of motor and prefrontal cortex benefits motor and mood symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease (PD).

Methods: Patients with PD and depression were enrolled in this multicenter, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group study of real or realistic (electric) sham rTMS. Patients were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: bilateral M1 ( + sham dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC]), DLPFC ( + sham M1), M1 + DLPFC, or double sham.

A W-test collapsing method for rare-variant association testing in exome sequencing data.

Advancement in sequencing technology enables the study of association between complex disorder phenotypes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms with rare mutations. However, the rare genetic variant has extremely small variance and impairs testing power of traditional statistical methods. We introduce a W-test collapsing method to evaluate rare-variant association by measuring the distributional differences between cases and controls through combined log of odds ratio within a genomic region.

High-Performance Self-powered Photodetectors Based on ZnO/ZnS Core-Shell Nanorod Arrays.

In recent years, there is an urgent demand for high-performance ultraviolet photodetectors with high photosensitivity, fast responsivity, and excellent spectral selectivity. In this letter, we report a self-powered photoelectrochemical cell-type UV detector using the ZnO/ZnS core-shell nanorod array as the active photoanode and deionized water as the electrolyte. This photodetector demonstrates an excellent spectral selectivity and a rapid photoresponse time of about 0.

Visible Light-Assisted High-Performance Mid-Infrared Photodetectors Based on Single InAs Nanowire.

One-dimensional InAs nanowires (NWs) have been widely researched in recent years. Features of high mobility and narrow bandgap reveal its great potential of optoelectronic applications. However, most reported work about InAs NW-based photodetectors is limited to the visible waveband.

Design of plasmonic photodetector with high absorptance and nano-scale active regions.

We propose a novel plasmonic photodetector with high responsivity, utilizing nano-scale active regions. This design can be applied to diverse materials (group III-V or IV materials) and different operation wavelengths covering the O-U bands. The periodic structure utilizing Surface Plasmon Polariton Bloch Waves (SPP-BWs) has low optical power loss.

Beneficial Role of Erythrocyte Adenosine A2B Receptor-Mediated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in High-Altitude Hypoxia.

Background: High altitude is a challenging condition caused by insufficient oxygen supply. Inability to adjust to hypoxia may lead to pulmonary edema, stroke, cardiovascular dysfunction, and even death. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of adaptation to high altitude may reveal novel therapeutics to counteract the detrimental consequences of hypoxia.

New Functional Tools for Antithrombogenic Activity Assessment of Live Surface Glycocalyx.

Objective: It is widely accepted that the presence of a glycosaminoglycan-rich glycocalyx is essential for endothelialized vasculature health; in fact, a damaged or impaired glycocalyx has been demonstrated in many vascular diseases. Currently, there are no methods that characterize glycocalyx functionality, thus limiting investigators' ability to assess the role of the glycocalyx in vascular health.

Approach And Results: We have developed novel, easy-to-use, in vitro assays that directly quantify live endothelialized surface's functional heparin weights and their anticoagulant capacity to inactivate Factor Xa and thrombin.

Multiple hot-carrier collection in photo-excited graphene Moiré superlattices.

In conventional light-harvesting devices, the absorption of a single photon only excites one electron, which sets the standard limit of power-conversion efficiency, such as the Shockley-Queisser limit. In principle, generating and harnessing multiple carriers per absorbed photon can improve efficiency and possibly overcome this limit. We report the observation of multiple hot-carrier collection in graphene/boron-nitride Moiré superlattice structures.