Spatial deconvolution of HER2-positive breast cancer delineates tumor-associated cell type interactions.

In the past decades, transcriptomic studies have revolutionized cancer treatment and diagnosis. However, tumor sequencing strategies typically result in loss of spatial information, critical to understand cell interactions and their functional relevance. To address this, we investigate spatial gene expression in HER2-positive breast tumors using Spatial Transcriptomics technology.

Breast Cancer Risk Genes - Association Analysis in More than 113,000 Women.

Background: Genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility is widely used, but for many genes, evidence of an association with breast cancer is weak, underlying risk estimates are imprecise, and reliable subtype-specific risk estimates are lacking.

Methods: We used a panel of 34 putative susceptibility genes to perform sequencing on samples from 60,466 women with breast cancer and 53,461 controls. In separate analyses for protein-truncating variants and rare missense variants in these genes, we estimated odds ratios for breast cancer overall and tumor subtypes.

Disrupted placental serotonin synthetic pathway and increased placental serotonin: Potential implications in the pathogenesis of human fetal growth restriction.

Objectives: Placental insufficiency contributes to altered maternal-fetal amino acid transfer, and thereby to poor fetal growth. An important placental function is the uptake of tryptophan and its metabolism to serotonin (5-HT) and kynurenine metabolites, which are essential for fetal development. We hypothesised that placental 5-HT content will be increased in pregnancies affected with fetal growth restriction (FGR).

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BIOLOGY, CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES: The development of new anti-tumor immunotherapy approaches has recently dramatically increased. Progresses made in molecular biology and the development of various genetic manipulation tools allow the "reprogrammation" of T cells in order to make them express a chimeric receptor including the variable part of an immunoglobulin capable of recognizing a tumor antigen along with the expression of molecules involved in T-lymphocyte activation signaling. Genetically modified T-cells, called "CAR (chimeric antigen receptors) -T cells", have yielded impressive clinical results in the treatment of relapsed or refractory lymphoid hematological malignancies after conventional treatments and are in development in solid tumors.

NLRP7 is increased in human idiopathic fetal growth restriction and plays a critical role in trophoblast differentiation.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity is highly related to abnormal placental development, and placentas from FGR pregnancies are often characterized by increased inflammation. However, the mechanisms of FGR-associated inflammation are far from being understood. NLRP7, a member of a family of receptors involved in the innate immune responses, has been shown to be associated with gestational trophoblastic diseases.

Formyl peptide receptor-2 is decreased in foetal growth restriction and contributes to placental dysfunction.

Study Question: What is the association between placental formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and trophoblast and endothelial functions in pregnancies affected by foetal growth restriction (FGR)?

Summary Answer: Reduced FPR2 placental expression in idiopathic FGR results in significantly altered trophoblast differentiation and endothelial function in vitro.

What Is Known Already: FGR is associated with placental insufficiency, where defective trophoblast and endothelial functions contribute to reduced feto-placental growth.

Study Design, Size, Duration: The expression of FPR2 in placental tissues from human pregnancies complicated with FGR was compared to that in gestation-matched uncomplicated control pregnancies (n = 25 from each group).

An EG-VEGF-Dependent Decrease in Homeobox Gene Contributes to Cytotrophoblast Dysfunction: A Possible Mechanism in Human Fetal Growth Restriction.

Idiopathic fetal growth restriction (FGR) is frequently associated with placental insufficiency. Previous reports have provided evidence that endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF), a placental secreted protein, is expressed during the first trimester of pregnancy, controls both trophoblast proliferation and invasion, and its increased expression is associated with human FGR. In this study, we hypothesize that EG-VEGF-dependent changes in placental homeobox gene expressions contribute to trophoblast dysfunction in idiopathic FGR.

[September 11, 2001, and flashbulb memory in Alzheimer's disease: tool for assessing memory problems in daily practice].

Introduction: "Public events memory" is a semantic memory that may have episodic components. One aspect involves what is called flashbulb memory, in which individuals retain vivid and detailed recollection of circumstances in which they learned of an event.

Aims: The goal of this study was to examine whether Alzheimer's disease (AD) affected the ability to recall the events of September 11 and the flashbulb memory associated with it.

[hScrib: a potential novel tumor suppressor].

Establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell polarity rely on finely tuned protein networks comprising cell surface molecules, cytoplasmic adaptors, and enzymes connected to the actin cytoskeleton. Oncogenes and tumor suppressors promote cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis and, in many cases, alter some of these molecular scaffolds, and profoundly affect the epithelial cytoarchitecture. Reciprocally, loss of central actors of epithelial polarity unleashes normally repressed signaling pathways and perturb the shape and functions of epithelial tissues.

[Water intoxication following oxytocin perfusion].

The authors report a case of water intoxication in a woman who received 140 I.U. of oxytocin in 3 litres of glucose serum in 15 hours to induce a therapeutic abortion.