Bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol-related meroterpenoids as potent DRAK2 inhibitors from Hypericum patulum.

As a both edible and medicinal plant, Hypericum patulum (Hypericaceae) is used as a natural herbal tea, scented tea, and folk medicine. In this study, eight undescribed bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol-related meroterpenoids named hyperpatins A-H, along with eight known ones, were isolated from this plant. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, chemical method, X-ray crystallographic experiments, and electronic circular dichroism analyses.

Utilization and Outcomes Associated With Intravascular Ultrasound during Abdominal and Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Interventions in the United States in the Contemporary Era (2016-2023).

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use in aortic endovascular interventions, including thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), may have similar benefits to those seen in coronary and peripheral interventions, but limited utilization and outcome data exist.

Methods: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services claims data were used to identify patients undergoing TEVAR and EVAR from 2016 to 2023. Utilization trends were stratified by region, urbanicity, distressed communities index, community versus academic center, Medicare versus dual enrollment status, indication, urgency, and presence of dissection with malperfusion.

Proposal of one new family, seven new genera and seventy new basidiomycetous yeast species mostly isolated from Tibet and Yunnan provinces, China.

More than 2 000 yeast strains isolated from 1 200 samples mostly collected from Tibet and Yunnan provinces in China were identified as 462 species according to the internal transcribed spacer including the 5.8S rDNA (ITS) and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rDNA (LSU) sequence analyses. Among them, 70 new basidiomycetous yeast species were proposed based on the multi-locus phylogenetic analyses including the D1/D2 domains, the ITS, the small subunit rDNA (SSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II () and translation elongation factor 1-α (), as well as the phenotypic comparisons.

Synthesis and characterization of a novel photothermal hydrogel composite with combined osteogenic and antibacterial activities.

Cranial defect repair remains a significant challenge in neurosurgery, and designing material complexes that can support bone regeneration while minimizing complications such as infection and inflammation could help alleviate this clinical challenge. This study presents a photothermal hydrogel complex with a controlled rapid gelation process, PDA-G-A-H, which integrates photothermal polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) with gentamycin (G) and alendronate acid (A). Furthermore, the incorporation of the injectable hydrogel Pluronic F127 and collagen (H) made this composite hydrogel (PDA-G-A-H) suitable for the multifaceted needs of cranial defects.

Molecular Hydride Superconductor BiH with up to 91 K at 170 GPa.

In pursuit of high- hydride superconductors, the molecular hydrides have attracted less attention because the hydrogen quasimolecules are usually inactive for superconductivity. Here, we report on the successful synthesis of a novel bismuth hydride superconductor 2/-BiH at pressures around 170-180 GPa. Its structure comprises bismuth atoms and elongated hydrogen molecules with a H-H bond length of 0.

Photocatalytic Partial Water Oxidation Promoted by a Hydrogen Acceptor-Hydroxyl Mediator Couple.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is an important chemical in synthetic chemistry with huge demands. Photocatalytic synthesis of HO via oxygen reduction and water oxidation reactions (ORR and WOR) is considered as a promising and desirable solution for on-site applications. However, the efficiency of such a process is low due to the poor solubility of molecular oxygen and the rapid reverse reaction of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with hydrogen atoms (H).

Naphpyrones A-H, Antibacterial Aromatic Polyketides Isolated from the A3(2)/ ΔH3.

, a common foodborne pathogen, has a close association with agriculture and food. With the rapid emergence and widespread dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, efforts have been directed toward developing and studying new antimicrobial compounds to inhibit the growth of and other foodborne pathogens, thereby preventing contamination and ensuring food safety. Herein, we reported eight new aromatic polyketides, naphpyrones A-H (-), from the heterologous expression strain A3(2)/ ΔH3.

Heterogeneous Cardiac-Derived and Neural Crest-Derived Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells Exhibit Similar Transcriptional Changes After TGFβ Signaling Disruption.

Background: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of cardiac and neural crest origin contribute to the developing proximal aorta and are linked to disease propensity in adults.

Methods: We analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of aortic SMCs from adult mice to determine basal states and changes after disrupting TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling necessary for aortic homeostasis.

Results: A minority of Myh11 lineage-marked SMCs differentially expressed genes suggestive of embryological origin.

Bawei Chenxiang Powder Protects Cardiomyocytes from Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the PI3K-AKT Pathway.

Background Ischemia-reperfusion damage to cardiomyocytes is one of the main directions of cardiovascular disease research, and Bawei Chenxiang powder (BWCX) is a traditional ethnomedicinal compound preparation mainly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Based on serum pharmacology, the present study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of BWCX against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage to cardiomyocytes. Materials and Methods We prepared BWCX-serum containing.

Dynamic and quantitative assessment of quercetin for cardiac oxidative stress injury prevention using sensitive cardiomyocyte based biosensing.

Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Although novel medications and treatments greatly alleviate patient suffering, challenges related to prognostic limit the recovery of cardiac function. Currently, treatment with monomeric compounds displays promise in prognostic interventions for cardiac diseases.

Gut microbiota strain richness is species specific and affects engraftment.

Despite the fundamental role of bacterial strain variation in gut microbiota function, the number of unique strains of a species that can stably colonize the human intestine is still unknown for almost all species. Here we determine the strain richness (SR) of common gut species using thousands of sequenced bacterial isolates with paired metagenomes. We show that SR varies across species, is transferable by faecal microbiota transplantation, and is uniquely low in the gut compared with soil and lake environments.

"It Was a Downward Spiral": A Qualitative Study of Young Adult Cancer Survivors' Experiences with Cognitive and Mental Health.

Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is common and distressing for young adult (YA) cancer survivors; however, subjective CRCI is often attributed to psychological distress rather than true cognitive change. Thus, we aimed to generate hypotheses regarding potential common biobehavioral mechanisms of CRCI and psychological distress. We conducted semi-structured interviews with YA cancer survivors in peak years for frontal neurocognitive development (ages 18-30), and we asked them to describe their experiences with cognitive and mental health changes during and after treatment for their cancer.

Photoactivated hydride therapy under hypoxia beyond ROS.

As compared to oxidative phototherapy, studies on reactive reductive species-participating photodynamic therapy (PDT) are rare. Porphyrins are typical photosensitizers restricted by the oxygen level, but efficacy and selectivity are always incompatible in PDT. Herein, we report that phlorins are ideal hydride (H) donors and explore a water-soluble triphenylphosphonium-modified zinc-coordinated porphyrin (ZnPor) for photogeneration of zinc-cored phlorin (ZnPhl).

Cephalopod-inspired jetting devices for gastrointestinal drug delivery.

Needle-based injections currently enable the administration of a wide range of biomacromolecule therapies across the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, through recent developments in ingestible robotic devices. However, needles generally require training, sharps management and disposal, and pose challenges for autonomous ingestible systems. Here, inspired by the jetting systems of cephalopods, we have developed and evaluated microjet delivery systems that can deliver jets in axial and radial directions into tissue, making them suitable for tubular and globular segments of the gastrointestinal tract.

Durable Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using a Uranyl Coordination Polymer: Exciton Dissociation and Hydrogen Abstraction.

The photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO), involving water oxidation and oxygen reduction, is crucial for optimizing light utilization. Here, a previously synthesized one-dimensional chain-like semiconductive uranyl coordination polymer (NDC-UCP) was used for the efficient overall photosynthetic reaction of HO and its photocatalytic mechanism was systematically investigated. The excellent stability of NDC-UCP enables continuous HO production for up to 96 h.

Mediator kinase inhibitors suppress triple-negative breast cancer growth and extend tumor suppression by mTOR and AKT inhibitors.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are treated primarily by chemotherapy and lack clinically validated therapeutic targets. In particular, inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, abnormally activated in many breast cancers, failed to achieve clinical efficacy in TNBC due to the development of adaptive drug resistance, which is largely driven by the transcriptomic plasticity of TNBC. Expression of CDK8/19 Mediator kinases that control transcriptional reprogramming correlates with relapse-free survival and treatment failure in breast cancer patients, including TNBC.

An iridium(III) complex-based luminogenic probe for high-throughput screening of hydrogen sulfide donors in living cells.

The scarcity of suitable high-throughput screening technology for hydrogen sulfide (HS) donors has hampered the discovery of HS donors. In this study, a long-lived cyclometalated iridium complex was rationally designed as a mitochondria-targeted HS probe to monitor the real-time dynamic change of HS. By using the time-resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES) technique, an anti-interference high-throughput screening system was developed to monitor HS in living cells with decreased false negative results.

End-point diagnostics of Giardia duodenalis assemblages A and B by combining RPA with CRISPR/Cas12a from human fecal samples.

Background: Giardia duodenalis is a common enteric protozoan parasite that is categorized into eight assemblages (A-H). In particular, assemblages A and B are zoonotic, capable of infecting both humans and animals worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses and public health challenges in epidemic regions. Thus, the development of rapid, accurate and non-laboratory-based diagnostic methods for infected animals is crucial for the effective prevention and control of giardiasis.

Transcriptome-wide methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing profiling reveals m6A modification involved in response to heat stress in Apostichopus japonicus.

Background: Global warming-induced environmental stresses have diverse effects on gene expression and regulation in the life processes of various aquatic organisms. N6 adenylate methylation (m6A) modifications are known to influence mRNA transcription, localization, translation, stability, splicing, and nuclear export, which are pivotal in mediating stress responses. Apostichopus japonicus is a significant species in aquaculture and a representative of benthic organisms in ecosystems, thus there is a growing need for research on its heat stress mechanism.

Regression prediction of tobacco chemical components during curing based on color quantification and machine learning.

Color is one of the most important indicators to characteristic the quality of tobacco, which is strongly related to the variations of chemical components. In order to clarify the relationship between the changes of tobacco color and chemical components, here we established several prediction models of chemical components with the color values of tobacco based on machine learning algorithms. The results of correlation analysis showed that tobacco moisture content was highly significantly correlated with the parameters such as a, H and H°, the reducing sugar and total sugar content of tobacco was significantly correlated with the color values, and the starch content was highly significantly correlated with the color values except for b and C.

Nigenolides A-H, 13 new microperfuranones with ferroptosis inhibitory activity from the deep-sea-derived Aspergillus niger.

Thirteen new microperfuranones, including five pairs of enantiomers, (±)-nigenolides A-E (1a/1b-5a/5b), and three racemate nigenolides F-H (6-8), together with four known analogues (9-12) were isolated from a deep-sea-derived Aspergillus niger 3A00562. The absolute configurations of the five pairs of enantiomers were determined by the comparison of the calculated and experimental ECD spectra. Compounds 3a, 4a, 4b, and 12 were able to inhibit RSL3-induced ferroptosis.

Enhancing transcription-replication conflict targets ecDNA-positive cancers.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a major challenge for cancer patients. ecDNA renders tumours treatment resistant by facilitating massive oncogene transcription and rapid genome evolution, contributing to poor patient survival. At present, there are no ecDNA-specific treatments.

NOVAsort for error-free droplet microfluidics.

High-throughput screening techniques are pivotal to unlocking the mysteries of biology. Yet, the promise of droplet microfluidics in enabling single-cell resolution, ultra-high-throughput screening remains largely unfulfilled. Droplet sorting errors caused by polydisperse droplet sizes that are often inevitable in multi-step assays have severely limited the effectiveness and utility of this technique, especially when screening large libraries.