Effects of lateral manual compression upon glottic incompetence: objective evaluations.

Forceful manual compression of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages modifies the position, shape, and tension of the vocal folds. This is the basis of the four laryngeal manual compression tests, adjunctive examinations used as a means of preoperative assessment of patients for medialization laryngoplasty, ie, Isshiki thyroplasty types I and IV and arytenoid adduction. The laryngeal manual compression tests are simple to perform and noninvasive.

A new index for evaluation of the turbulent noise in pathological voice.

The validity of the parameter Br index, which was designed as an indicator of the turbulent noise in breathy voice, was tested. The parameter was determined by the ratio between energy of the second derivative of the high-pass filtered wave and that of the nonderived high-pass filtered wave. The principle of this method is the utilization of the difference in the frequency range between the turbulent noise and other components present.

The effect of temperature on survival in hemorrhagic shock.

Hypothermia is a frequent complication of severe hemorrhagic shock and can complicate the treatment of trauma patients. The authors have investigated the effect of external warming on a treated model of hemorrhagic shock in rats. Their data show that externally heating the animal during the shock period decreases the animal's ability to withstand shock and increases intrashock and postshock mortality when compared to nonheated controls.