M1-like macrophages are potent producers of anti-viral interferons and M1-associated marker-positive lung macrophages are decreased during rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations.

Background: Macrophages (Mф) can be M1/M2 polarized by Th1/2 signals, respectively. M2-like Mф are thought to be important in asthma pathogenesis, and M1-like in anti-infective immunity, however their roles in virus-induced asthma exacerbations are unknown. Our objectives were (i) to assess polarised Mф phenotype responses to rhinovirus (RV) infection in vitro and (ii) to assess Mф phenotypes in healthy subjects and people with asthma before and during experimental RV infection in vivo.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Nasal and Bronchial Cytokines and Chemokines Following Experimental Rhinovirus Infection in Allergic Asthma: Increased Interferons (IFN-γ and IFN-λ) and Type 2 Inflammation (IL-5 and IL-13).

Background: Rhinovirus infection is a major cause of asthma exacerbations.

Objectives: We studied nasal and bronchial mucosal inflammatory responses during experimental rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations.

Methods: We used nasosorption on days 0, 2-5 and 7 and bronchosorption at baseline and day 4 to sample mucosal lining fluid to investigate airway mucosal responses to rhinovirus infection in patients with allergic asthma (n=28) and healthy non-atopic controls (n=11), by using a synthetic absorptive matrix and measuring levels of 34 cytokines and chemokines using a sensitive multiplex assay.

Co-downregulation of PTEN, KAI-1, and nm23-H1 tumor/metastasis suppressor proteins in non-small cell lung cancer.

The multistep process of carcinogenesis implies the accumulation of multiple molecular defects. Alteration of tumor suppressor and metastasis suppressor genes are the important steps. Increasing experimental evidence indicates that decreased expression of tumor-metastasis/suppressor genes and gene products are involved in the progression of a variety of human malignancies.

Silicon granulomas and dermatomyositis-like changes associated with chronic eyelid edema after silicone breast implant.

Silicone medical products may be associated with various complications. Recent attention has focused particularly on health risks associated with silicone breast implants. The authors present the clinical and histopathological findings in a 71-year-old woman who had previously undergone breast reconstruction with a silicone gel-filled elastomer envelope-type breast implant and who developed severe chronic eyelid edema and inflammation.

Primary gastric adenosarcoma.

We describe the first case, to our knowledge, of a primary gastric adenosarcoma surgically resected from a 46-year-old white man. This biphasic neoplasm, well described in the female genital tract, was composed of cytologically benign tubular and cystic glands widely dispersed within a sarcomatous stromal component. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial elements were positive for cytokeratin, while the stromal elements were positive for vimentin and desmin.