ZYG-12/Hook's dual role as a dynein adaptor for early endosomes and nuclei is regulated by alternative splicing of its cargo binding domain.

The microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein-1 transports and positions various organelles, but the molecular basis of this functional diversity is not fully understood. Cargo adaptors of the Hook protein family recruit dynein to early endosomes (EE) in fungi and human cells by forming the FTS-Hook-FHIP (FHF) complex. By contrast, the Hook homolog ZYG-12 recruits dynein to the nuclear envelope (NE) in the meiotic gonad and mitotic early embryo by forming a Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex.

Long-term impact of congenital Zika virus infection on the rat hippocampus: Neuroinflammatory, glial alterations and sex-specific effects.

Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is a condition that arises when a neonate presents with abnormalities resulting from Zika virus infection during gestation. While microcephaly is a prominent feature of the syndrome, other forms of brain damage are also observed, often accompanied by significant neurological complications. It is therefore essential to investigate the long-term effects of CZS, with special attention to sex differences, particularly concerning hippocampal function, given its vulnerability to viral infections.

Effectiveness of the primary Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine against the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Background: Tuberculosis vaccine trials using disease as the primary endpoint are large, time consuming, and expensive. An earlier immunological measure of the protection against disease would accelerate tuberculosis vaccine development. We aimed to assess whether the effectiveness of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was consistent with that for prevention of tuberculosis disease.

Iontophoresis-driven alterations in nanoparticle uptake pathway and intracellular trafficking in carcinoma skin cancer cells.

Effective treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) poses challenges due to intrinsic drug resistance and limited drug penetration into tumor cells. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy; however, they often face hurdles such as inadequate cellular uptake and rapid lysosomal degradation. This study explores the potential of iontophoresis to augment the efficacy of liposome and immunoliposome-based drug delivery systems for SCC treatment.

Analysis of topical conjunctival microbiotic cultures in patients treated with intravitreal injections using antibiotic prophylaxis with 0.3% ofloxacin eye drops.

Background: Intravitreal injections, a relatively recent treatment in ophthalmology, is being adopted rapidly worldwide and becoming one of the most common therapies in the field. Numerous complications are associated with this treatment, ranging from minor inflammatory ailments to endophthalmitis. We analyzed the conjunctival flora of patients treated with intravitreal injections and topical antibiotics.