The bacterial burden of worn face masks-observational research and literature review.

Introduction: Facemasks were widely mandated during the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Especially the use by the general population is associated with a higher risk of improper handling of the mask and contamination and potential adverse microbiological consequences.

Methods: We investigated and quantified bacterial accumulation in facemasks used by the general population, using 16S rRNA (Sanger Sequencing), culture and biochemical analysis along with Rose Bengal staining.

The Pattern of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors of the Maxillary and Mandibular Periosteum After Exposure to Titanium Fixations-Ti6Al4V.

Titanium miniplates and screws are commonly used in the surgical management of dentofacial deformities. Despite the opinion of the biocompatibility of these bone fixations, some patients experience symptoms of chronic inflammation around titanium implants even many years after their application. The aim of this study was to examine the levels of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors released from the maxilla and mandible periosteum surrounding titanium fixations 11 months after the implantation procedure.

α -lipoic acid supplementation reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in red skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant rats.

α -lipoic acid (ALA) is an eight-carbon saturated fatty acid with strong antioxidant activity. Despite previous reports of ALA's protective properties in treating cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (including insulin resistance and diabetes), little is known about the compound's effects on skeletal muscle metabolism. In particular, the effect of ALA on glycooxidative and nitrosative damage in red muscles during insulin resistance is unknown.