Macular, choroidal and disc associations across women's reproductive life stages: a scoping review from menarche to post-menopause.

Oestrogen and progesterone fluctuate cyclically in women throughout their adult lives. Although these hormones cross the blood-retinal barrier and bind to intraocular receptors, their effects remain unclear. We present the first review to date on associations between posterior pole structures-specifically the macula, choroid, and optic disc-and both the menstrual cycle and post-menopausal period, utilising multimodal imaging techniques in healthy adult non-pregnant women.

Validation of a Visual Field Prediction Tool for Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study Involving Patients with Glaucoma In the United Kingdom.

Purpose: A previously developed machine-learning approach with Kalman-filtering technology accurately predicted disease trajectory for patients with various glaucoma types and severities using clinical trials data. This study assesses performance of the KF approach with real-world data.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Evaluation of the effect of 48 weeks of BIC/F/TAF and DRV/c/F/TAF on platelet function in the context of rapid ART start.

Introduction: The BIC-T&T study aimed to determine the efficacy of bictegraviremtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/F/TAF) and darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabinetenofovir alafenamide (DRV/c/F/TAF) at suppressing viral load in a two-arm, open-label, multi-centre, randomised trial under a UK test-and-treat setting. This sub-study aimed to evaluate potential off-target cardiovascular impact by examining platelet function.

Methods: Platelets were isolated by centrifugation of citrated blood from participants attending Chelsea and Westminster Hospital or St Mary's Hospital at Week 48 following enrolment.

Machine learning derived retinal pigment score from ophthalmic imaging shows ethnicity is not biology.

Few metrics exist to describe phenotypic diversity within ophthalmic imaging datasets, with researchers often using ethnicity as a surrogate marker for biological variability. We derived a continuous, measured metric, the retinal pigment score (RPS), that quantifies the degree of pigmentation from a colour fundus photograph of the eye. RPS was validated using two large epidemiological studies with demographic and genetic data (UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk Study) and reproduced in a Tanzanian, an Australian, and a Chinese dataset.

Primary Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Sacrum: A Case Report of a 12 years old boy from Pakistan.

Aneurysmal bone cysts are locally invasive, benign lesions usually found in the spine or metaphysis of long bones. They can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other bone pathologies. Primary aneurysmal bone cyst usually occurs in the first two decades of life.