Molecules from American Ginseng Suppress Colitis through Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects millions of people worldwide and increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We have previously shown that American ginseng (AG) can treat colitis and prevent colon cancer in mice. We further fractionated AG and identified the most potent fraction, hexane fraction (HAG), and the most potent compound in this fraction, panaxynol (PA).

Panaxynol, a bioactive component of American ginseng, targets macrophages and suppresses colitis in mice.

Ulcerative colitis has a significant impact on the quality of life for the patients, and can substantially increase the risk of colon cancer in patients suffering long-term. Conventional treatments provide only modest relief paired with a high risk of side effects, while complementary and alternative medicines can offer safe and effective options. Over the past decade, we have shown that both American ginseng and its hexane fraction (HAG) have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can suppress mouse colitis and prevent colitis-associated colon cancer.

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Bioavailability in Humans after Oral Intake of DHA-Containing Triacylglycerol or the Structured Phospholipid AceDoPC.

AceDoPC is a structured glycerophospholipid that targets the brain with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and is neuroprotective in the experimental ischemic stroke. AceDoPC is a stabilized form of the physiological 2-DHA-LysoPC with an acetyl group at the position; preventing the migration of DHA from the to position. In this study we aimed to know the bioavailability of C-labeled DHA after oral intake of a single dose of C-AceDoPC, in comparison with C-DHA in triglycerides (TAG), using gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) to assess the C enrichment of DHA-containing lipids.

Certification of Ochratoxin A Reference Materials: Calibration Solutions OTAN-1 and OTAL-1 and a Mycotoxin-Contaminated Rye Flour MYCO-1.

Among the regulated mycotoxins that contaminate global food supplies, ochratoxin A is particularly harmful as a nephrotoxin and suspected carcinogen. To support global measurement comparability, certified calibration solutions for ochratoxin A and [C]-ochratoxin A (OTAN-1 and OTAL-1, respectively) as well as a mycotoxin-contaminated rye flour certified reference material (CRM) known as MYCO-1 were developed. Quantitative proton NMR was used along with maleic acid as an external standard traceable to the Système international (SI) to measure the concentration of ochratoxin A and [C]-ochratoxin A for the calibration solutions.

A New Realization of SI for Organic Chemical Measurement: NIST PS1 Primary Standard for Quantitative NMR (Benzoic Acid).

Metrological traceability to common references supports the comparability of chemical measurement results produced by different analysts, at various times, and at separate places. Ideally, these references are realizations of base units of the International System of Units (SI). ISO/IEC 17025 (Clause 6.