Trends and factors associated with modification or discontinuation of the initial antiretroviral regimen during the first year of treatment in the Turkish HIV-TR Cohort, 2011-2017.

Background: There is limited evidence on the modification or stopping of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, including novel antiretroviral drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the discontinuation of first ART before and after the availability of better tolerated and less complex regimens by comparing the frequency, reasons and associations with patient characteristics.

Methods: A total of 3019 ART-naive patients registered in the HIV-TR cohort who started ART between Jan 2011 and Feb 2017 were studied.

Virulence genes fliC, toxA and phzS are common among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from diabetic foot infections.

Background: Outcomes of antibiotic treatment of diabetic foot infections (DFIs) may depend not only on the antimicrobial susceptibility of the aetiologic agents, but also their ability to produce virulence factors. This study aimed to use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers to investigate the presence of virulence genes among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates cultured from specimens from diabetic foot and other infections.

Methods: We examined 63 P.