Morphometric measurements of intraoral anatomy in children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: a novel approach.

Background: An easy-to-use tool to objectively measure intraoral anatomy with meaningful clinical correlations may improve care for patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), who commonly have symptomatic macroglossia.

Methods: Children aged 2-17 years with BWS were enrolled between 12/2021 and 01/2024. Digital intraoral photographs with a laser ruler were taken, and morphometric measurements were made using ImageJ software.

Association Between Soft Tissue Measures From Computed Tomography and Upper Airway Collapsibility on Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy.

Objective: Positive airway pressure (PAP) titration during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) provides objective measures of upper airway collapsibility. While skeletal measurements relate to collapsibility measures on DISE, the influence of soft tissue dimensions on upper airway collapsibility is not known. We analyzed the relationship of measures of upper airway soft tissue volumes, specifically soft palate, pharyngeal lateral walls, and tongue, with metrics of collapsibility.

State-Dependent Biomechanical Behavior of Oropharyngeal Structures in Apneic and Control Subjects: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Apneic individuals have reduced airway caliber during sleep. The biomechanical changes in upper airway anatomy contributing to this airway narrowing are largely unknown. We sought to investigate the state-dependent (wake vs.

Sleep-stage-dependent alterations in cerebral oxygen metabolism quantified by magnetic resonance.

A key function of sleep is to provide a regular period of reduced brain metabolism, which is critical for maintenance of healthy brain function. The purpose of this work was to quantify the sleep-stage-dependent changes in brain energetics in terms of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO ) as a function of sleep stage using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) during sleep in the scanner. Twenty-two young and older subjects with regular sleep hygiene and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in the normal range were recruited for the study.

The Association of Upper Airway Anatomy with Brain Structure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Sleep apnea, affecting an estimated 1 in 4 American adults, has been reported to be associated with both brain structural abnormality and impaired cognitive function. Obstructive sleep apnea is known to be affected by upper airway anatomy. To better understand the contribution of upper airway anatomy to pathways linking sleep apnea with impaired cognitive function, we investigated the association of upper airway anatomy with structural brain abnormalities.