Response of the gut microbiome and metabolome to dietary fiber in healthy dogs.

Unlabelled: Dietary fiber confers multiple health benefits originating from the expansion of beneficial gut microbial activity. However, very few studies have established the metabolic consequences of interactions among specific fibers, microbiome composition, and function in either human or representative animal models. In a study design reflective of realistic population dietary variation, fecal metagenomic and metabolomic profiles were analyzed from healthy dogs fed 12 test foods containing different fiber sources and quantities (5-13% as-fed basis).

Catalogue of inherited autosomal recessive disorders found amongst the Roma population of Europe.

Background: The Roma population are an endogamous, genetically isolated, minority population who migrated from North-Western India to Europe from the 10 Century throughout the Byzantine period and continues to the present day. Approximately 10-12 million Romani people reside in segregated settlements in Europe, and smaller populations live in North America and China. In addition to the endogamy, they also practice consanguinity.

Fast autofluorescence imaging to evaluate dynamic changes in cell metabolism.

Significance: Cellular metabolic dynamics can occur within milliseconds, yet there are no optimal tools to spatially and temporally capture these events. Autofluorescence imaging can provide metabolic information on the cellular level due to the intrinsic fluorescence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H] and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).

Aim: Our goal is to build and evaluate a widefield microscope optimized for rapid autofluorescence imaging of metabolic changes in cells.

Electrostatic Control of Electronic Structure in Modular Inorganic Crystals.

The rules that govern structure and bonding, established for elemental solids and simple compounds, are challenging to apply to more complex crystals formed of polyatomic building blocks, such as layered or framework materials. Whether these modular building blocks are electrically neutral or charged influences the physical properties of the resulting crystal. Despite the prevalence of alternating charged units, their effects on the electronic structure remain unclear.