Youth Baseball Caregiver Understanding of Safe Pitching Guidelines and Player Injury.

Background: As more athletes participate in youth baseball, there has been an associated increase in upper extremity injuries. Knowledge of baseball injury prevention guidelines continues to be developed and defined as throwing-related injuries rise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how knowledgeable youth baseball caregivers were about safe pitching guidelines and secondarily determine pitching practices which may be associated with increased risk of player injury.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - biomarkers of oxidative stress and methylation and transsulfuration cycle.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects people from all regions of the globe, regardless of nationality, living standards or social group. Currently, it is assumed that ASD pathogenesis is multifactorial because there is no one specific cause of the disorder. According to literature, ASD may result from genetic defects, metabolic disorders or exposure to environmental factors.

Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after total hip arthroplasty.

Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is a rare but devastating condition. Guillain-Barré syndrome is the most common cause with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy being the most common subtype that follows a monophasic course and does not recur. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy occurs when symptoms persist for greater than 8 weeks.

Phloridzin, an Apple Polyphenol, Exerted Unfavorable Effects on Bone and Muscle in an Experimental Model of Type 2 Diabetes in Rats.

It is believed that apple fruits contain components with health-promoting effects, including some antidiabetic activity. One of the most known apple compounds is phloridzin, a glucoside of phloretin. Phloridzin and phloretin were reported to exert some favorable skeletal effects in estrogen-deficient rats and mice.

Safety and side-effect profile of intrathecal morphine in a diverse patient population undergoing total knee and hip arthroplasty.

Intrathecal morphine (ITM) can be useful for postoperative analgesia following lower extremity joint arthroplasty, but concerns exist regarding potential dose-related side effects. In this study, we examined the safety and efficacy of ITM in patients undergoing lower extremity joint arthroplasty. We hypothesized that there would be (1) direct relationship between dosing and side effects, and (2) an inverse relationship between ITM dosing and 24-hour postoperative opioid requirement.