Observational evidence reveals the significance of nocturnal chemistry in seasonal secondary organic aerosol formation.

Oxidized Organic Aerosol (OOA), a major component of fine atmospheric particles, impacts climate and human health. Previous experiments and atmospheric models emphasize the importance of nocturnal OOA formation from NO· oxidation of biogenic VOCs. This seasonal study extends the understanding by showing that nocturnal oxidation of biomass-burning emissions can account for up to half of total OOA production in fall and winter.

Hypnosis support in anaesthesia is rarely used in German anaesthesia departments - a nationwide survey among leading physicians of anaesthesia departments.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether and to what extent perioperative hypnosis and relaxation techniques are used in German anaesthesia departments, what they are, where any difficulties in their application lie and how great the interest in this type of therapy is. Another research question was to find out whether there are specialist areas in which these methods are used more frequently than in other specialist areas.

Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire in all hospitals with anaesthesia departments in Germany.

Properties and Processing of Aviation Exhaust Aerosol at Cruise Altitude Observed from the IAGOS-CARIBIC Flying Laboratory.

The characteristics of aviation-induced aerosol, its processing, and effects on cirrus clouds and climate are still associated with large uncertainties. Properties of aviation-induced aerosol, however, are crucially needed for the assessment of aviation's climate impacts today and in the future. We identified more than 1100 aircraft plume encounters during passenger aircraft flights of the IAGOS-CARIBIC Flying Laboratory from July 2018 to March 2020.

Correction: Impact of temperature-dependent non-PAN peroxynitrate formation, RONO, on nighttime atmospheric chemistry.

Correction for 'Impact of temperature-dependent non-PAN peroxynitrate formation, RONO, on nighttime atmospheric chemistry' by Michelle Färber , , 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cp04163h.

Impact of temperature-dependent non-PAN peroxynitrate formation, RONO, on nighttime atmospheric chemistry.

The formation of peroxynitrates (RONO) from the reaction of peroxy radicals (RO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) and their subsequent redissociation are typically not included in chemical mechanisms. This is often done to save computational time as the assumption is that the equilibrium is strongly towards the RO + NO reaction for most conditions. Exceptions are the reactions of the methyl peroxy radical due to its abundance in the atmosphere and of acyl-RO radicals due to the long lifetime of peroxyacyl nitrates RONO (PANs).