Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis as a Tool to Address Aβ Impact on Extracellular Vesicles.

Alzheimer's disease is a challenge in modern healthcare due to its complex etiology and increasing prevalence. Despite advances, further understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology is needed, particularly the role of Aβ neurotoxic peptide. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has shown potential as a screening tool for several pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease.

Embedding a ribonuclease in the spore crust couples gene expression to spore development in Bacillus subtilis.

Faced with nutritional stress, some bacteria form endospores capable of enduring extreme conditions for long periods of time; yet the function of many proteins expressed during sporulation remains a mystery. We identify one such protein, KapD, as a 3'-exoribonuclease expressed under control of the mother cell-specific transcription factors SigE and SigK in Bacillus subtilis. KapD dynamically assembles over the spore surface through a direct interaction with the major crust protein CotY.

New Potent Inhibitor of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGFβ) Signaling that is Efficacious against Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer Metastasis in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Mice.

Blockade of the TGFβ signaling pathway has emerged from preclinical studies as a potential treatment to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and several other types of cancer. However, clinical translation of first-generation inhibitors has shown little success. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of HYL001, a potent inhibitor of TGFβ receptor 1 (ALK5), that is approximately 9 times more efficacious than the structurally related compound galunisertib, while maintaining a favorable safety profile.

Peripheral Axonal Neuropathy in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Rickettsia conorii Infection.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially fatal hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by dysregulated immune activation and systemic inflammation. Secondary HLH is often triggered by infections, with being an infrequently reported cause. Peripheral axonal neuropathy is a rare and poorly understood complication of HLH.