Multidrug-resistant NDM-1 Klebsiella outbreak and infection control in endoscopic urology.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Since the first case of multidrug-resistant New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) Klebsiella and Escherichia coli UTI in January 2008, there have been more reports of cases worldwide. Urology is a specialty uniquely vulnerable to these organisms because the NDM-1 carriers tend to be the common UTI-causing organisms. Further, the nature of the procedures involved in endoscopy in the urinary tract confers the potential for direct exposure and transmission of the organisms that commonly cause UTI.

A comparison of 1.5% glycine and 2.7% sorbitol-0.5% mannitol irrigants during transurethral prostate resection.

Purpose: We performed a prospective randomized trial comparing glycine 1.5% with 2.7% sorbitol-0.

Use of glyceryl trinitrate patches in patients with ureteral stones: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Objectives: To report a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) patches. The primary outcome measure was stone passage at 6 weeks. GTN is a potent smooth muscle relaxant that may offer benefit by both reducing pain and facilitating ureteral stone passage.

Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial of prophylactic shock wave lithotripsy for small asymptomatic renal calyceal stones.

Objective: To report a prospective, randomized study to determine whether prophylactic extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is justified as a treatment for small, asymptomatic calyceal stones.

Patients And Methods: The study included 228 patients with small (< 15 mm total diameter) asymptomatic calyceal stones; 113 patients were randomized to undergo ESWL and 115 to the control group who were kept under observation. Outcome measurements included the stone-free rate, requirement for additional treatment, symptoms, quality of life and renal function.

Early observations of the effect of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy on blood pressure: a prospective randomized control clinical trial.

Objective: To determine, in a randomized controlled clinical trial, the effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on blood pressure.

Patients And Methods: The trial included 228 patients with small (< 15 mm) asymptomatic calyceal stones who were randomised to undergo ESWL (113 patients) or to an untreated (observed) control group (115 patients). Blood pressure was recorded at randomization using a standardized protocol.