A high-efficient electrochemical degradation of diclofenac in water on planar and microstructured 2D, and macroporous 3D boron-doped diamond electrodes: Identification of degradation and transformation products.

The highly efficient degradation of persistent organic substances by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), which don't result in the formation of potentially harmful by-products, is crucial for the future of water management. In this study, boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDE) with three morphologies (planar 2D, microstructured 2D, and macroporous 3D) were employed for the anodic oxidation of diclofenac (DCF) in two working electrolytes (NaCl and NaSO). In total, 11 by-products formed during the electrochemical oxidation of DCF were identified via HPLC-HRMS.

Determination of melatonin by potentiometric stripping analysis using sensor based on boron-doped diamond electrodes.

A three-electrode screen-printed sensor with heavily doped microcrystalline boron-doped diamond electrodes grown by chemical vapor deposition on alumina substrates was used to determine the concentration of melatonin by constant current potentiometric stripping analysis. This paper provides a detailed examination of the irreversible oxidation behavior of melatonin by cyclic voltammetry at a boron-doped diamond electrode. The relationship between the current response and the square root of the scan rate confirmed a diffusion-controlled oxidation process.

Identification of hot spots and co-occurrence patterns of activities on thyroid hormone receptor and transthyretin binding in passive samplers from Czech surface waters.

One of the less studied in vitro biological activities in the aquatic environment are thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ)-mediated agonistic and antagonistic activities and transthyretin (TTR) binding activity. They were measured mostly using active sampling methods, but rarely found. It is unclear if these activities co-occur, and the drivers of the (anti-)TRβ activity are mostly unknown.

Body composition as an indicator of metabolic changes in mice obtained by in vitro fertilization.

To identify body systems subject to epigenetic transformation during in vitro fertilization (IVF), comparative morphological and functional studies were performed on sexually mature offspring of outbred CD1 mice, specific-pathogen-free (SPF), obtained by IVF (experiment) and natural conception (control). The studies included assessment of age-related changes in body weight and composition, energy intake and expenditure, and glucose homeostasis. To level the effects caused by the different number of newborns in the control and in the experiment, the size of the fed litters was halved in the control females.

Mother-Fetus Immune Cross-Talk Coordinates "Extrinsic"/"Intrinsic" Embryo Gene Expression Noise and Growth Stability.

Developmental instability (DI) is thought to be inversely related to a capacity of an organism to buffer its development against random genetic and environmental perturbations. DI is represented by a trait's inter- and intra-individual variabilities. The inter-individual variability (inversely referred to as canalization) indicates the capability of organisms to reproduce a trait from individual to individual.