Inter-laboratory variability in the presence of human papillomavirus in normal and abnormal cervical cytology samples.

Introduction: Treatment of cervical carcinoma is affected by the stage of the disease, being most likely curable with early detection. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and persistency are necessary to the development of precancerous and cancerous lesions leaving the possibility to detect in time cells progressing in at risk behaviour.

Methods: This study documents the proportion of HPV DNA positivity in 906 samples with cytological result negative for intraepithelial lesion and malignancy (NILM), 220 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) samples and 211 low grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) samples collected from various pathological laboratories in Brussels, Belgium.

Belgian consensus guidelines for follow-up of women with cervical cytological abnormalities.

In medical care cervical cancer screening is important because it enables the detection of precancer and cancer at an early stage. By adequate treatment after a screening-detected lesion it helps to reduce the mortality related to cervical cancer. Worldwide, many millions of women have smears taken at a more or less regular base and of these, approximately 7% are abnormal, and follow-up is thus required.

Concomitant chemo-radiotherapy as standard therapy in limited-stage small-cell oesophageal cancer: a summary of 3 clinical cases and review of the literature.

Small-cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (SCCO) is a rare and aggressive malignant tumour associated with a poor prognosis. Between 1994 and 2002, three patients with SCCO were treated in our institution, representing 1.96% (3 out of 153) of all oesophageal malignancies seen during this period.

A three way complex translocation (4; 9; 22) in two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is genetically characterized by the reciprocal translocation of chromosome 9 and 22, t(9;22)(q34;q11) which results in the fusion of BCR/ABL gene observed on the derivative chromosome 22 called Philadelphia (Ph') chromosome. About 5-8% of Philadelphia positive patients with CML show various complex translocations involving third chromosome in addition to chromosome 9 and 22. In present report we discuss two cases with CML referred at our centre.

Improved filter method for urine sediment detection of urothelial carcinoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Context: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of voided urine sediment is a sensitive and specific test for the detection of urothelial carcinoma. The time required for slide preparation using the conventional cytospin method is lengthy.

Objective: To present an alternative to the conventional cytospin method.