Does Length of Extended Resection Beyond Transition Zone Change Clinical Outcome for Hirschsprung Pull-Through?

Introduction: A proximal resection margin greater than 5 cm from the intra-operative histologically determined transition zone has been deemed necessary to minimize the risk of transition zone pull-through. This extended resection may require the sacrifice of vascular supply and even further bowel resection. The impact of extended proximal resection margin on post-operative complications and functional outcomes is unclear.

Functional morphogenesis from embryos to adults: Late development shapes trophic niche in coral reef damselfishes.

The damselfishes are one of the dominant coral reef fish lineages. Their ecological diversification has involved repeated transitions between pelagic feeding using fast bites and benthic feeding using forceful bites. A highly-integrative approach that combined gene expression assays, shape analyses, and high-speed video analyses was used to examine the development of trophic morphology in embryonic, larval, juvenile, and adult damselfishes.

Early metamorphic insertion technology for insect flight behavior monitoring.

Early Metamorphosis Insertion Technology (EMIT) is a novel methodology for integrating microfabricated neuromuscular recording and actuation platforms on insects during their metamorphic development. Here, the implants are fused within the structure and function of the neuromuscular system as a result of metamorphic tissue remaking. The implants emerge with the insect where the development of tissue around the electronics during pupal development results in a bioelectrically and biomechanically enhanced tissue interface.

Electromagnetic levitation platform for wireless study of insect flight neurophysiology.

An electromagnetic levitation platform for use in a light emitting diode (LED) arena based virtual reality environment was developed for wireless recording of neural and neuromuscular signals from the flight related muscle groups in Manduca sexta. The platform incorporates the use of Early Metamorphosis Insertion Technology to implant recording electrodes into the flight muscles of late stage pupal moths. Analysis of the insects' response to changes in the LED arena rotation direction indicate that this setup could be used to perform a variety of flight behavior studies during yaw maneuvers.

Cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac surgery outcomes in a multiethnic sample of men and women.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is more prevalent in some ethnic groups than in others, as are risk factors stemming from cultural practices and values. Data on the health status of Asians and Pacific Islanders are scarce and sporadic, and data on the 2 groups are usually combined for analysis.

Objective: To determine ethnic and sex-related differences among white, Japanese, and Pacific Island subjects in cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.