Natural polyphenols as therapeutic candidates for mitigating neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence from preclinical studies.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a challenging mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide after they experience traumatic events. The current medications often do not fully address the wide range of PTSD symptoms or the underlying brain mechanisms, prompting the need to explore new treatments. Polyphenols, which are natural compounds found in many plant-based foods, have gained interest due to their brain-protective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits.

Stress and glucocorticoids impair inhibitory avoidance memory retrieval and extinction in male mice: the ameliorative effect of Ginkgo biloba extract.

Memory retrieval involves recalling previously consolidated information, while memory extinction refers to the gradual weakening of such memories after recall. Stress and glucocorticoids influence the retrieval and extinction of memory. This study employed a passive avoidance task to examine the impact of acute mild stress and equivalent doses of exogenous corticosterone on fear memory retrieval and extinction in male mice.

Neuroprotective effects of Daphnetin on hippocampal neurons and blood-brain barrier integrity in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.

The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of different doses of Daphnetin (DAP, a natural compound derived from coumarin) on hippocampus neuronal injury, neurobehavioral function, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, expression of claudin-5, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and inflammatory markers in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced in mice through 30 minutes of bilateral common carotid occlusion (BCCAO), followed by 48 hours of reperfusion. The viability of hippocampal neurons was assessed using Cresyl violet staining and BBB function was determined by measuring Evans blue (E.

Systemic corticosterone enhances fear memory extinction in rats: Involvement of the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex GABA and GABA receptors.

Purpose: The infralimbic (IL) subregion of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) regulates the extinction of conditioned fear memory. Glucocorticoid and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are expressed in the mPFC and are also critical in fear extinction. This study investigated the possible interactive effects of the glucocorticoids and GABAergic system in the IL on the regulation of fear extinction.